聚合物纳米复合电介质的击穿性能-电工技术学报.PDF

2017 年 8 月 电 工 技 术 学 报 Vol.32 No. 16 第 32 卷第 16 期 TRANSACTIONS OF CHINA ELECTROTECHNICAL SOCIETY Aug. 2017 DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.161794 聚合物纳米复合电介质的击穿性能 王威望 李盛涛 刘文凤 （电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室（西安交通大学）西安 710049 ） 摘要 聚合物纳米复合电介质作为第三代绝缘材料表现出优异的电气特性，其中击穿是纳米 复合电介质的关键性能之一。很多研究表明纳米复合电介质的击穿性能明显优于纯聚合物和微米 复合电介质材料。针对第一代纳米复合电介质的国内外研究现状，综述了其击穿性能（包括体击 穿和沿面闪络特性），讨论了纳米复合电介质击穿特性改善的机理。基于国内外研究现状和本课题 组的研究积累，提出了自由体积对聚合物纳米复合电介质击穿的重要影响，指出了纳米粒子对聚 合物基体自由体积参数的影响规律；研究了电荷输运微观过程对纳米复合电介质击穿的影响机制， 阐述了陷阱参数与体击穿和沿面闪络性能的关系；总结了纳米改性与复合材料体和表面电荷输运 参数调控的关联，指出了纳米掺杂同时改善聚合物介质体击穿和沿面闪络特性的机理。 关键词：聚合物纳米复合电介质 击穿 沿面闪络 电荷输运 中图分类号：TM215.92; O631.2 Dielectric Breakdown of Polymer Nanocomposites Wang Weiwang Li Shengtao Liu Wenfeng （State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China ） Abstract As the third generation insulating materials, polymer nanocomposites exhibit superior electrical performance. The breakdown is one of the key properties in polymer nanocomposites. Many researches have reported that the breakdown characteristics of nanocomposites are superior to the neat polymer and its micro-composites. This paper summarizes the breakdown performance of the first generation polymer nanocomposites, including the bulk breakdown and the surface flashover. The mechanisms of breakdown improvements in nanocomposites are also discussed. Based on the domestic and overseas research status as well as the relative research work in our group, the influencing mechanisms of free volume and charge transport on the breakdown in nanocomposites were proposed.