固定化酶催化桐油酯交换反应的研究-中国农业科学.PDF

中国农业科学 2006,39(10):2089-2094 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 固定化酶催化桐油酯交换反应的研究 徐桂转，张百良，刘会丽 （河南农业大学机电工程学院／农业部可再生能源重点实验室，郑州450002 ） 摘要：【目的】本文以桐油为原料，研究固定化脂肪酶催化桐油与甲醇酯交换反应的工艺条件。【方法】Novo435 脂肪酶为催化剂，在无有机溶剂存在的情况下，利用响应面研究方法，对桐油酯交换反应的工艺条件进行研究和 优化。【结果】得到了桐油酯交换反应的最佳工艺条件：醇油比 2.2﹕1、温度 43℃、脂肪酶用量 14%（与油脂的 质量比）、搅拌转速200 r/min，反应18 h后，桐油的酯交换率达到了67.5%(理论为73.3%)。脂肪酶经有机溶剂 洗涤后连续使用120 h，桐油酯交换率减小了6%。理论甲醇量不能一次加入，分两批加入，共反应36 h后，桐油 的酯交换率达到 85%（理论为 100%）。【结论】影响桐油酯交换反应的显著因素为醇油比、脂肪酶用量、反应温度 和反应时间，各因素间有一定的交互作用。 关键词：无溶剂；酯交换；生物柴油；脂肪酶；桐油 A Study on Immobilized Lipase Catalyzed Transesterification Reaction of Tung Oil XU Gui-zhuan ，ZHANG Bai-liang ，LIU Hui-li (Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College of Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002) Abstract: 【Objective 】The transesterification reaction conditions of tung oil with methanol with immobilized lipase as catalyst was studied. 【Method 】Novo435 lipase was the catalyst, and a response surface methodology was used to optimize the transesterification reaction of tung oil in the non-solvent system. 【Result 】The optimized reaction condition was found: rotation rate was 200 r/min, the molar ratio of methanol to oil was 2.2:1, reaction temperature was 43 ℃, the catalyst was 14% (based on the weight of oil), and after reacting for 18 h, 67.5% of the oil was converted to its corresponding methyl esters (the academic conversion is 73.3%). The lipase was washed by organic solvents after each reaction and reused again, the esters conversion of tung oil was decreased by 6% after the lipase being reused for 120 h. The theoretical amount of methanol w