TTN 讲LORA （个人认为关于LORA介绍讲的最好的一份文档）.pptxVIP

LoRa Crash CourseAgendaRadio PropagationAntennasLoRa modulationLoRaWAN scalabilityWhat is LoRa?Wireless modulation technologyPhysical layer for long range communicationsLow bandwidthLow battery usageOperates in the license-free ISM bands all around the world? 433, 868, 915 MhzRegulated (power, duty-cycle, bandwidth)EU: 0.1% or 1% per sub-band duty-cycle limitation (per hour)Link budget (EU): 156 dBWhat is LoRaWAN?Communications protocol and architecture that utilizes the LoRa physical layerData rates are defined that range from 300bps to 5.5kbpswith two high-speed channels at 11kbps and 50kbps (FSK modulation)Supportssecure bi-directional communication,mobilitylocalizationBandwidth vs RangeLong DistanceHigh SpeedLow Power5G802.11acPick 2… (dictate the laws of physics)4GWiFi3GBandwidth802.11g2GZigBeeBluetooth/BLELoRa, SigFox, UNBRFID/NFCRangeRadio PropagationLink BudgetTXFree Space140TX power Connector loss, etc.Antenna gainAntenna gain Connector loss, etc.RX input powerFree Space Path Loss and FadingP(dBm)RX-100Receiver sensi?vityFree Space Path Loss2 2FSPL = ? 4π d ? = ? 4π df ?? ? ???? ??λcd in meters, f in HertzFSPL(dB) = 20 log10 (d) + 20 log10 ( f ) ?147.55Double the distance: 6dB path loss (free space)Difference in FSPL between 868Mhz and 2.4Ghz: almost 9dBSensitivityMinimum Detectable SignalThermal noiseNF: Receiver Noise Figure (in dB)SNR: Signal-to-noise ratioSensitivity (dBm) = ?174 +10 log10 (BW ) + NF + SNRExample: LoRa Link BudgetTX Power: 14 dBm? Bandwidth: 125 kHz [10*log(125000) = 51 ]SNR: -20! (for SF12)Noise Figure: 6dB (gateway has slightly lower NF number)? Sensitivity: -174 + 51 + 6 – 20 = -137 dBmLink Budget: 14 + 137 = 151 dBFree Space Path Loss at 800km: 150dBWireless reach in realitydiffractionreflectionobstructionMultipathDirect signalReflected signalCombineddirect and reflectedWireless reach in realityAAenua?on @ 900 Mhz (dBm)Free space only exists in free spaceStructural attenuationMulti-path fadingFresnel zone (next slides)heights of the