有机硅改性丙烯酸酯织物涂层剂的制备【毕业论文】.docxVIP

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯织物涂层剂的制备摘 要聚丙烯酸酯由于其优异的成膜性和力学性能，良好的耐候性，对各种表面都有很好的附着力，被广泛作为织物涂层剂使用。用甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸乙酯（EA）、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和交联单体 N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺（HAM）为合成原料，选择用半连续预乳液滴加工艺合成稳定的乳液，单体转化率达到 97.5%。涂层成膜连续，涂层织物手感柔软，牢度达到 4-5 级。同时考察了玻璃化温度、交联单体、乳化剂、引发剂、反应温度和 pH 值对乳液和产品性能的影响。通过有机硅（聚硅氧烷）物理共混改性，弥补聚丙烯酸酯的性能不足。通过筛选不同结构的有机硅，结果表明氨基硅油最理想，对聚丙烯酸酯“热粘冷脆”现象改善非常有效，加入量以 4-6%为最佳。通过 ATR-IR、表面接触角和吸水率的分析，证明由于有机硅的低表面能，有向聚合物表面迁移和富集的趋势，重构的聚合物表面，从而提高了聚合物表面的疏水性。加入有机硅（聚硅氧烷）也提高胶膜的耐水性。研究结果表明有机硅与丙烯酸酯物理共混改性是一种工艺简单，成本低，易操作的方法。通过有机硅和丙烯酸酯共聚改性，使两者强迫互容，彻底解决乳液的稳定性问题。选择用半连续预乳液滴加聚合工艺，乳化剂异构十I三醇聚氧乙烯醚 1310/月桂醇聚醚磺基琥珀酸酯二钠 MES-40 为 1:1，用量为 6%时，得到稳定的乳液。由于化学键的存在，一定程度抑制有机硅向聚合物表面迁移的趋势，因此共聚改善胶膜接触角的程度比共混小，同时共聚比共混有更好的胶膜耐水性。应用性能上共聚能有效增加聚丙烯酸酯低温柔软性，改善其高温粘感，但是涂层剂的牢度有一定的下降，需要控制加入量，以 4-6%为佳。关键词：织物涂层剂；丙烯酸酯；有机硅；物理共混；化学改性；IIPREPARATION OF NOVEL ACRYLATE BASED TEXTILE COATING AGENTS BY POLYSILICONE MODIFICATIONABSTRACTPolyacrylate has been widely used as fabric coating agent, due to its excellent film forming ability and mechanical properties, good weatherability and outstanding adhesion to all kinds of surfaces. The stable emulsion was prepared by pre-emulsion and half-continued polymerization, using ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and N-methylol acrylamide as monomers with a monomer conversion of 97.5%. The film formed by emulsion was continuous and the coated fabric felt soft with a fastness of four to five grades. Meanwhile we investigated the effects of glass transition temperature, cross-linking monomer, emulsifier, initiator, reaction temperature and pH on the emulsion and product performance.We could remedy the defects of polyacrylate by physical blending modification with organic silicone. The results showed that amino-silicone oil was the optimal silicone with the specific structure and could overcome the disadvantage of polyacrylate, like adhesive when heating and cracked when cooling. The amount of amino-silicone oilIIIshould be 4-6%. Organic silicone tended to show migration and enrichment at the surface of polymer be