【ACCA paper F4】无敌课件，解释超详细（PartC1）.pptVIP

Chapter 10 the employment contract 1 what is an employee? 应区分contract of service（雇佣合同）与contract for service（提供服务的合同或服务合同）；前者是雇员与用人单位签订的合同，后者是一个独立经营者（independent contractor，或称为自我雇佣者）为提供个人服务而与他人签订的合同。 法院首先将关注案件的事实，然后才是当事人之间的安排。不受表象的制约。 The key about employee and contract of employment Case Ferguson v John Dawson Partners 1976 Case Massey v Crown Life Assurance 1978 the employment contract 1.1 the control test 控制标准 法院将考察雇主是否控制了雇员履行其义务的方式；如果答案是肯定的，则认为该当事人为employee； 1.2 the integration test 组织标准或整体化标准 若雇员不受控制，则法院将考察雇主是否将该雇员纳入其组织（一体化） 1.3 the multiple (economic reality) test 复合标准或经济现实标准 法院将考察雇员是否为自己的利益工作。 the employment contract 1.4 agency workers Agency workers work through an agency which finds them jobs. The firm whos hiring the worker pays a fee to the agency, and the agency pays the workers wages 通过劳务代理获得工作的工人。 也就是相当于所谓的劳务派遣，又称劳动派遣、劳动力租赁，是指由派遣机构与派遣劳工订立劳动合同，由派遣劳工向要派企业给付劳务，劳动合同关系存在于派遣机构与派遣劳工之间，但劳动力给付的事实则发生于派遣劳工与要派企业之间。劳动派遣的最显著特征就是劳动力的雇用和使用分离。大企业用工制度改革是劳务派遣型工作安排产生的主要原因 。  the employment contract Length of service 服务的时间 不能仅根据雇佣时间的长短来认定雇佣合同的存在，但可作为一个重要因素来考虑． Franks v Reuters 2003 The applicant began to work for the first defendant in 1993 on a temporary placement as a driver through the second defendant, an employment agency. After six months the applicant became a full time driver for the first defendant, and was later transferred to another position. the employment contract In 1999 he was told that his services were no longer required. The applicant made a complaint to an employment tribunal, claiming against the first defendant for unfair dismissal, redundancy pay and damages for breach of contract. The first defendant denied that the applicant was its employee, contending that he was employed by the second respondent. the employment contract The second respondent also denied that the applicant was its employee. The tribunal held that the applicant was not an employee of either defendant, on the basis that there was no mutuality of obligation, which was a nec