张朝晖-浅析中学民族文化口述历史对学生的影响-Evergreen.DOCVIP

浅析中学民族文化口述历史对学生文化认知的影响 ---- 以天祝一中民族文化口述历史项目为例 甘肃省天祝藏族自治县第一中学 张朝晖 摘要：天祝一中口述历史团队在青树教育基金会的指导和支持下，已记录和挖掘了天祝当地的一些民族文化，如土族安召、土族婚俗、藏族酒曲等。这些独特的民族文化不少是口口相传下来的，作为非物质文化遗产在现代社会的高速发展中面临着传承和延续的危机。 在老师的指导下，让学生以口述历史的方法记录和挖掘地方特有的民族文化的内涵和变迁意义深远。本文通过对土族安召、土族婚俗、藏族唐卡、藏族酒曲口述历史工作产品，包括录音、视频、抄本、报告等的分析，揭示了学生如何通过这些访谈加深了对民族文化内涵、变迁与传承、以及民族文化中人性价值A Brief Analysis on the Role of High School Ethnic Cultural Oral History in Students’ Cultural Cognition --- A Case Study of Ethnic Cultural Oral History Projects in Tianzhu No.1 High School Zhaohui Zhang Abstract: Supported and guided by the Evergreen Education Foundation, the oral history team of Tianzhu No.1 middle school have discovered and recorded some local cultural heritages, for example, Anzhao, a folk dancing, marriage customs both peculiar to the Tu ethnic minority, Thang-ga and folk wine songs amongst the Tibetans, etc. Quite a few of these cultures have been passed down orally. As intangible cultural heritage, their inheritance and promotion are at stake amidst a fast-growing modern society. It is of seminal impact to enable students under teachers’ guidance to discover and write down the content and history of the peculiarly local culture heritage by using oral history methodology. By analyzing the recordings, videos, transcripts, reports, etc. of Anzhao and marriage customs of the Tu ethnic minority, Thang-ga and wine songs of the Tibetan ethnic minority, this essay helps the younger generation in recognizing and forming emotional bond with their ethnic cultures, appreciating the diverse cultures, and evoking awareness of the cultural diversity, complementarity and coexistence. Keywords: Secondary School Oral History, Ethnic Culture, Culture Cognition, Cultural Diversity 背景 随着新课改的深化，学校教育已从沿袭传统的灌输式教学转移到倡导以学生为中心的教学方法，包括研究性学习、合作学习等。[1]。而婚礼礼仪之精巧繁复同学们也从李伯伯的叙述中领教，比如婚礼中新娘随“纳实金”（迎亲人）出发去婆家完婚之前的改发环节: “到第二天，天刚亮不亮的时候，应该说是天还不亮，提前一些就要给新娘子要改装哩，她是姑娘的装，要改成新媳妇的装和话就这个梳头的过程。这个有一个老人，她的姑妈妈或者是庄子上会梳头的老人，这个老奶奶请上，给这个梳，梳的过程是，就是先叫新女婿也进来，新女婿先把木梳拿起来，自己的头上梳给三哈（下），然