北魏孝文帝改革论文.doc

2011届 分 类 号：770.30 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 单位代码 ：10452 本科专业毕业论文 论北魏孝文帝改革 　　　　　　 姓 名 　　　　　 学 号　　　摘 要 北魏孝文帝改革(484—499)，是中国历史上较全面、较有争议的一次改革，改革的过程中出现过曲折，导致北魏政权一度面临政治危机，但就改革的最终结果而言，改革使北魏社会封建化，使北魏经济获得了发展，使鲜卑族人特别是北魏迁洛的鲜卑人得到了汉化等等，这些方面无不说明孝文帝的改革是一次成功改革，本文从改革的历史背景，措施及影响等方面进行逐一分析。 关键词：孝文帝改革背景；措施；影响 ABSTRACT Emperor Xiaowen of reform (484-499), is a more comprehensive history of China, a more controversial reform of the reform process there have been twists and turns, leading to the Northern Wei regime was facing a political crisis, but the end result of the reform, the reform the feudal society of the Northern Wei, the Northern access to the development of the economy, so Xianbei Luo tribe, especially the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the Xianbei people have been finished and so on, all these aspects of reform that Emperor Xiaowen was a successful reform, reform of the historical background of this paper, measures and other aspects of each analysis. Keywords: Xiao Wendi reform background; the measure; influence  目 录 一、改革的历史背景······················································································1 （一） 政治背景····················································································1 （二） 经济背景····················································································1 （三） 民族背景····················································································1 二、改革的措施···························································································.1 （一） 政治措施····················································································1 （二） 经济措施····················································································2 （三） 礼仪文化措施··············································································2 （四） 风俗习惯措施··············································································3 三、改革的影响·················································