非煤矿山安全生产十二五规划-有色金属科学与工程.DOCVIP

金属矿山安全与环境问题 吴 超 （中南大学资源与安全工程学院，长沙：410083） 【摘 要】金属矿山科技和安全与环境的发展规划从宏观的视角，分析了金属安全状问题，我国金属矿山采矿学科的研究方向大都围绕矿山开采与安全环境的实用工程技术问题而确立的很超前的前瞻研究与很基础的、很边缘的和很有想象力的研究极少。我国明确未来中长期金属矿资源领域的重大科技领域和关键技术，金属矿山科技和安全与环境的 【关键词】金属矿山；安全；环境；问题；评述 中图分类号：X523; X824 文献标识码：A on the science technology development of safety and environment problems in metal mines WU Chao (School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) Abstract: In order to help make a developing program on science technology and safety environment for metal mines, the investigation was conducted by statistics and comparison methodology. In a point of macro-view, some issues on the safety and environment status as well as the research directions over the world were analyzed. The results show that there are a great number of projects on safety and environment science and technology in metal mines and they should be solved in the future since the mining conditions become more and more complex and mining techniques are more and more difficult. At present, almost all research areas are concentrated on the practical engineering problems of the mining safety and environment in the world aspects. There are few really prospective, basic, marginal and imaginative studies in mining. It was pointed out that the key research areas and technologies on metal resources exploitation in the middle and long term should be determined in China. More and more investigations and inputs should be carried out in the safety and environment of metal mines. Key words: metal mines; work safety; environment; science and technology problems; review 资源－经济－环境相协调的研究，首先要把握国家未来经济社会发展的资源需求，把握世界矿产资源开发创新的发展趋势，并把重点放在关系到国家未来发展战略方向和世界资源有可能发生重大突破的领域。当今世界，人口的增长，发展中国家工业化现代化进程的加快，使全球资源消费总量进一步增加，尽管全球性经济危机导致资源价格出现大幅波动，但资源稀缺的态势不会改变。资源开发的前瞻研究，不仅要研究如何高效清洁利用好矿产资源，如何加快开发利用可再生资源，更要把握世界资源生产与消耗的发展趋势，把握世界资源发展的态势。为了实现资源－经济－环境相协调的矿产资源可持续利用，要解决一系列关键的资源问题，包括可再生资源的开发和酝酿新的技术突破等。 1我国金属矿产开发的安全与环境科技问题 金属和非金属矿产资源开发是国民经济的基础产业。我国有80%的工业原材料、70%的