定语从句的整合与拆分.docx

Grammar:定语从句(Attributive Clauses)定义： 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)：由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词和代词，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)和关系副词(when, where, why) 关系词都充当从句的某个成分，它所替代的相应成分应省去。在定语从句中，当who, which, that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中担当一个成分。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚，因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。一.关系代词以及基本用法关系代词指代对象作用例句That人. 物主.(宾).表语The student that answered the question was John.The book (that) you lent me was interesting.Which物主.(宾)Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. Who人主.(宾)A doctor is a person who looks after peoples health.The man(who)you met just now is my friend.Whom人(宾)The man(whom)you met just now is my friend. Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see. Whose人.物定He has a friend whose father is a doctor.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.注意一：1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。　　　2)that前不能有介词。模仿范例，把下列两个简单句合成带有定语从句的复合句。1. The boys are from Class One. The boys are playing football. (1)第一句为主句，第二句为从句，将两个单句合并为一句。The boys(the boys are playing football) are from Class One. (2) 括号中句子里的主语the boys, 和先行词是同一个词，应该用关系词替换从句中重复的the boys. The boys 在从句中作主语，关系词中能作主语并代表人的是who, thatThe boys(who\that are playing football) are from Class One. (3) who\that==the boys, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。2. I found the letter. The letter came yesterday. (1)第一句为主句，第二句为从句，将两个单句合并为一句。 I found The letter( the letter came yesterday). (2)用关系词替换从句中重复的the letter, 关系词中能作主语并代表物的是which, thatI found The letter(which\that came yesterday).(3)which\that==the letter, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。3. The man is my friend. You met the man just now (1)第一句为主句，第二句为从句，将两个单句合并为一句。The man (you met the man just now) is my friend. (2)用关系词替换从句中重复的the man, 关系词中能作宾语并代表人的是whom, thatThe man (whom\that you met just now) is my friend. (3)whom\that==the man, 在定语从句中做宾语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。做宾语的关系词whom\that 可以省略The man ( you