上海牛津版高二倒装句.docVIP

倒装句（Inversion）： 英语句子按主谓排列顺序来分有正常语序和倒装语序。英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。正常语序的结构是“主语+谓语”，倒装语序为谓语（或谓语的一部分）+主语。倒装语序分为完全倒装(Full inversion)和部分倒装(Partial inversion)两种。 一、完全倒装。 完全倒装是将整个谓语移至主语前面。这类句型主要有以下几种。 1.（1）表示方式或方位的副词：地点副词：here， there,；时间副词now, then； 方位副词：up, down, in, away, off, out等，位于句首。 There goes the bell. Here comes the bus. Then came the time to part. Now comes your turn. In comes Mr Smith. Out went the children. Away ran the frightened tiger. 注意:①代词作主语时,不倒装 Here you are. There it is. In he comes. ②此结构不用进行时态，常用的谓语动词有: be, come, go, lie, live, lie, seem, run, remain, stand等表示位置静止或移动的词. （2）介词短语位于句首 From the valley came a frightening sound. South of the city lies a big steel factory. In this chapter will be found a satisfactory answer. Inside the box is a monster. 2. such 置于句首时 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist. 这就是爱因斯坦，一个简单的人，也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 3. 作表语的adj, 过去分词,现在分词在句首 (1)形容词表语在句首 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. Happy is he who has a sound mind in a sound body. Higher up are the temples built in ancient China. (2) 过去分词表语在句首 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people. Seated on the ground are a group of young people. (3) 现在分词表语在句首 Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 5. Standing beside the table was an interpreter. 二、部分倒装 半倒装指的是只把助动词或情态动词放在主语前.这类句型主要有以下几种。 1. only+状语在句首: Only + 状语 (副词/介词短语/状语从句) +半倒装 Only once was he beaten for his dishonesty. Only by working hard can we succeed in everything. Only when he told me did I realize it. 注意: Only this book is liked by Mary. (only用于修饰主语时,不倒装) 2. 否定词在句首:否定词包括:seldom, never, barely, rarely, hardly， little, not a bit, never, no longer/more, nowhere, not once等 Never shall I do this again.