北京某城区大型酒店集中空调循环水及淋浴水嗜肺军团菌污染调查.docxVIP

【调查研究】北京某城区大型酒店集中空调循环水及淋浴水嗜肺军团菌污染调查李嵩雪1 陈西平2摘要: 目的 对北京某城区大型酒店集中空调循环水和淋浴水嗜肺军团菌污染现状及卫生管理状况开 展调查，为有效控制军团菌污染提供依据。方法 随机抽取北京某城区三星级以上酒店 29 个，进行集中空 调循环水和淋浴水嗜肺军团菌检测，并对集中空调循环水系统卫生管理状况进行问卷调查。结果 29 个酒 店有 17 个检出嗜肺军团菌( 58. 62% ) ，冷却水嗜肺军团菌阳性率为 40% ，淋浴水阳性率为 24. 1% ; 分离的菌 株中 LP1 型占 50% ，淋浴水中 LP1 型占 14. 3% ; 三星级、四星级酒店军团菌阳性率均高于五星级酒店; 冷却 水军团菌检测频率、机房环境卫生状况都是影响军团菌污染状况的因素。结论 嗜肺军团菌污染现状不容 乐观，建议卫生行政部门从多方面对集中空调卫生管理进行评估，有针对性地开展监督监测，完善立法，加大 处罚力度和培训宣传力度，降低军团菌污染的隐患。关键词: 集中空调; 淋浴水; 嗜肺军团菌; 污染调查Investigation on Contamination of Legionella Pneumophila in Ｒecycled Waterfrom Central Air Conditioning Systems and Shower Water in LargeHotels of an Urban District in BeijingLi Songxue1 ，Chen Xiping2Abstract: ObjectivesTo investigate the contamination of legionella pneumophila ( LP ) and sanitaryadministration in recycled water from central air conditioning systems and shower water in large hotels of an urbandistrict in Beijing and to provide scientific basis for controlling legionella contamination efficiently． MethodsThe contamination of LP in the recycled water of central air conditioning systems was detected in 29 three － star and above hotels selected by random sampling in this area and the sanitary administration was investigated by questionnaire survey． ＲesultsLP was isolated from 17 hotels ( 58. 62% ) ; the positive rate of LP was 40% in cooling water and was 24. 1% in shower water． The predominant serum type of isolated strains was LP 1 ( 50% ) ， which was 14. 3% in strains isolated from shower water． The positive rate of LP in five － star hotels were lower than that in three － star and four － star hotels． Factors influencing the contamination of legionella were the frequency oflegionella detection in cooling water and the sanitation in engine rooms． ConclusionsThe situation of LPcontamination was not optimistic． The sanitary administration of central air conditioning system should be evaluatedfrom multiple aspects and the targeted health supervision and monitori