论“then”的词性.docxVIP

论“then”的词性then一词，在有关英汉词典里只被定性为副词。然而它仅能当副词用吗？笔者认为“不可”。对此我们可从如下几方面进行分析：一、then为副词，具有下列词义（一）相当于at that time in the past or future.(无比较级、最高级)eg.1:I thought something must have been wrong with Liu Xiang’s ankle, then.（我当时认为刘翔的脚踝一定出了问题。）eg.2:If I can go to England, I will visit you then.（如果我能去英国，那时我就会探望你。）（二）相当于：next, after that, afterworkseg.1:Let’s finish our homework first, and then play basketball together.（我们先做完作业吧，然后在一块打监球。）eg.2:Last year, I went to Langzhou, then to Tibet.（去年我去了兰州，紧跟着就去了西藏。）（三）相当于in that case, that being soeg.1:The pen is not on your desk, and then it must be in your desk.（钢笔不在你课桌上，如果那样，它一定在你课桌里。）eg.2:Talk about the thing with Tom and then he will feel better.（请与汤姆谈谈这事，这样以来他心里就会好受些。）eg.3:I heard you had got less than a score of 60 points in the exam. Then you had failed to pass the exam again. （我听说在这次考试中，你得了不足60分。这样说来，你又未通过考试。）（四）相当于and so, furthereg:That day I was very busy, for there was my garden to water, the floor to wipe, and then the dinner to cook. （那天我很忙，因为我的花园要浇水，地板要拖，另外还要做饭。）从以上例句，读者可以明确得知then为副词，在句中做状语，表时间、假设、累加等，成为一个区别与主、谓、表、定、宾、宾补的成份。二、then常出现在习惯用语中，具有下列词义：（一）every now and then 义为：不时地、有时（但不经常）。eg:I will get a letter from my son every now and then.（我有时会收到我儿子的一封信。）（二）now and then 义为：偶而、间或eg:When I discuss some questions with my wife, my daughter will put in a word now and then. （当我与爱人讨论某些问题时，我女儿偶而会插上一句。）（三）there and then 或 then and there义为：马上就，当场就eg:When I saw a book on how to learn English well in a bookshop yesterday, I decided to buy it then and there.（昨天，当我在一家书店里看到一本“如何好学英语”的书籍时，我马上就决定买下来。）从以上例子中，我们得知，then与某些副词一块组成副词性习惯用语，在句中做状语。然而它在下列习语中情况就不相同了。eg.1:Now then, that’s enough noise（可以啦，别闹啦。）（该句中的now then 只表不赞成及劝告之义）eg.2:Now then, who’s been smoking.（哎，谁在抽烟？）（这里的now then 表警告之义）eg.3:Now, then! Let’s examine the next point.（好了，咱们审查下一个问题吧。）（这里的now then 只是为了引人注意，相当于：好了，喂，嘿等。）eg.4:I must say I enjoy that, now then, what’s next? （我应该说我很喜欢那个，那么下一个呢？）（这里的now then 表示考虑下一步要说的话或要做的事，用以填补暂时的停顿）eg.5:Well then, what do you think you are doing now?（那好