四级常考知识.doc

第6课 关于逗号的一些知识 原则：逗号没有能力连接两个单独的句子。 如何区分短语与句子？一个结构如果有完整的谓语部分就是句子。 何为完整的谓语部分？如果能判断出一个结构的时态就可以称这个结构为完整的谓语部分。 在什么样的情况下一个逗号可以将句子分成两部分，而这两部分都有完整的谓语呢？ 1 两个句子中间有连接词连接； 2 这两个句子是主从句关系（主从句之间一定要有句子引导词来引导）。 10. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _A_, we declined the offer. [declined v. 婉言谢绝] A not being finished B not having finished C had not been finished D was not finished 42. A survey was carrie3d out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, _D_ were surprising. [survey 调查] A as results B which results C the results of it D the results of which 51. All flights _D_ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could no nothing but take the train. [having been canceled这里是独立主格作原因状语] A had been canceled B have been canceled C were canceled D having been canceled -------------------------1999-01------------------------- 46. _A_ the calculation is right scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately. [variable n. 变项，变量；model vt. 建模] A Even if B As far as C If only D So long as even if 即使，即便； so long as （后面加句子时）只要。 47. My train arrives in New York at eight oclock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _B_ by then. A would leave B will have left C has left D had left 将来完成时：will have + 动词过去分词。 49. Harry was _A_ by a bee when he was collecting the honey. A stung B stuck C bitten D scratched sting v. （蜜蜂）叮，蛰； bite v. （蚊子等）咬； scratch vt. 抓伤，划破（通常指猫抓人）。 once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 50. The thief tried to open the locked door but _B_. A in no way B in vain C without effect D at a loss in vain 徒劳，白费工夫； But很少与介词without联用； at a loss 不知所措。 52. _B_ seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed. A By B On C At D For on后面加动词ing形式表示“在…之后”这个时间概念。 54. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _C_ during the day. A should have done B would have done C may have done D must have done should