译林牛津版高一英语教学（必修2）Book 2_U1_Grammar and usage 2.docVIP

牛津高中英语教学设计 单　　元：Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained 板　　块：Grammar Teaching aims: Learn the differences between the present perfect tense and the present perfect continuous tense. Teaching important points: 1. Learn how to form and use the present perfect tense. 2. Understand when the present perfect continuous tense is used in sentences. Teaching methods: Explaining and practicing. Teaching aids: the multi-media. Teaching procedures: Step 1 Compare the two tenses 1. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action completed in the recent past, and the present perfect continuous tense for an action that started in the past and is still happening. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都表示动作从过去开始，但现在完成时可表示事件或动作刚结束，而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续。 Li Jia has read a book about Stonehenge. （表示她已经读完了。) Li Jia has been reading a book about Stonehenge. (表示她仍在读。) 2. We can use the present perfect tense for repeated actions, and the present perfect continuous tense for non-stop actions. We usually use the present perfect tense to ask questions beginning with how many/much, and the present perfect continuous tense to ask questions beginning with how long. 现在完成时可表示反复发生的动作，提问时用how many / how much。而现在完成进行时则表示持续的、不间断的动作，提问时用how long。 —How many times have you visited Egypt this month? —I have visited Egypt twice this month. —How long have you been touring Egypt? —I have been touring Egypt for two months. 3. We can use either a state verb or an action verb with the present perfect tense but we usually can only use an action verb with the present perfect continuous tense. 现在完成时可以用表示状态的动词或表示动作的动词做谓语。而现在完成进行时则只能用表示动作的动词做谓语。 I have had this camera for five years. (had是表示“拥有”状态的动词) I have taken photos of UFOs with this camera. (taken是表示动作的动词) I have been taking photos of UFOs with this camera. (taking是表示动作的动词) 4. We use the present perfect tense, not the present perfect continuous tense, with the words like never, yet, already and ever. 现在完成时的句子中可以用像never、yet、already和ever这样的词，而现在完成进