高考英语阅读理解分类导练.docVIP

阅读理解考点分类导练 一、词义猜测题 根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能, 因此, 词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。这类题包括猜测单词、短语、句子的意思和判断指代内容。 （一）猜测词语意思 要求考生根据语境猜测生词、短语或句子的意思, 或者推断熟词生义。题干中常含有mean, refer to, be replaced by等。如： [技巧点拨] 解答这类试题最重要的方法是理解含生词部分的上下文(也就是人们常说的语境)来推测其意思。以下是可供参考的几个小技巧： 1.根据接近或递进关系:由and或or等可确定生词的义域,推知它的大致意义。 2.根据选择或相对关系:对比or(要么, 或者)前面和后面的句子或词语, 来猜测生词的含义。 3.根据同位或解释关系:通过生词后的定语(定语从句或分词短语等)、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。 4.根据转折或对比关系:由上下句之间的转折或对比关系来推测词义。 5.根据因果关系:根据前后的因果关系来推断其中的某个生词或短语的意思。既可由因推果,也可由果推因。 6.根据列举的实例:根据such as, for example等后列举的实例也可推测出前面某个词语的意思。 7.根据并列同类关系:一般说来,并列的几个事物应属同类事物, 由此可推测其中一个的大概意思。 注意：考题中若要求我们猜测熟悉词语的意思, 我们必须通过上下文得出其在特定场合下的特殊意思, 那些常规含义的选项不会是要选择的正确答案。 [经典例题] 阅读下列文段, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中, 选出最佳选项。 ...Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not bring so much material home in the first place. 61. What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to? A. Using too much packaging. B. Recycling too many wastes. C. Making more products than necessary. D. Having more material than is needed. [课堂练习] 阅读所选文段, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中, 选出最佳选项。 (1) Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. 31. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ___. A. Early B. sweetly C. Quickly D. smoothly (2) When something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying