材料性能大学课程.pptVIP

Stress-Strain Diagram: Ductile Materials Stress-Strain Diagram: Ductile Materials Stress-Strain Diagram: Brittle Materials Stress-Strain Diagrams Material Properties Mechanics of Materials 材料力学 Professor Shibin WANG （王世斌） Common measurement method: x y P P L u 3.1 The Tensile Test Ch.3 Material Properties or v b x t P P x y 3.1 The Tensile Test Ch.3 Material Properties Load (P) Extension (u) For Uniaxial Conditions: STRESS STRAIN E is called “Young’s Modulus” or “Modulus of Elasticity” Elastic Behaviour E or A L Ch.3 Material Properties Simple Tensile Test: Mild Steel 210 Aluminium 70 Concrete 18.5 Wood 12.5 Simple Tensile Test: Young’s Mod E GPa Simple Tensile Test: Mild Steel 210 Aluminium 70 Concrete 18.5 Wood 12.5 Nylon 2.8 Rubber 0.004 常温、静载 text, p. 52 Stress Strain: Axial Loading ?? L1-L L ?100% ?? A-A1 A ?100% Ch.3 Material Properties text, p. 52 Stress Strain: Axial Loading 变形过程： 弹性阶段、屈服阶段、强化阶段、颈缩阶段 重要指标： 比例极限、弹性极限、屈服极限、强度极限 实验现象：滑移、卸载、冷作硬化 变形类型： 弹性变形、塑性变形 Ch.3 Material Properties text, p. 52 Stress Strain: Axial Loading Ch.3 Material Properties text, p. 56 Stress Strain: Axial Loading Below the yield stress Strength is affected by alloying, heat treating, and manufacturing process but stiffness (Modulus of Elasticity) is not. Ch.3 Material Properties uncertainty in material properties uncertainty of loadings uncertainty of analyses number of loading cycles types of failure maintenance requirements and deterioration effects importance of member to structures integrity risk to life and property influence on machine function 3.2 Factor of safety considerations: Ch.3 Material Properties Elastic deformation of solids will be the focus of this course. Concepts of STRENGTH and FAILURE What do we really mean by STRENGTH? “Resistance to Failure” What do we mean by FAILURE? Gross Deformation Yield Plastic Flow Creep Rupture Fatigue Fracture (an issue for brittle materials) “Condition preventing device from perfor