美国浪漫主义文学时期复习纲要A.doc

首页 ? 美国文学(American Literature) ? 美国文学史期末考试复习资料/American Literature Review 美国文学复习：第三部分 浪漫主义文学/Romanticism End of 18C ～ out break of Civil War Political： ①Democracy and Equality ②Parties scramble for power Economic：①industrialism ②technology ③sharp entrant ④frontier westward 西进 utility and perfection Cultural： ①buoyant spirit、education、magazine ②simplicity简单 Independence： 17世纪 Puritanism Religion 18世纪 Political Pamphlet Literary characteristics: 1、Foreign influence (old world / romantic / tradition from Europe) ①Sir Walter Scott → border tale American Indian Romance Byron’s → oriental romance ②Gothic tradition ( “graveyard” poet ) solitude and gloom孤独与忧愁 哥特传统 Edgar Allen Pot ③imagination (figures): Prophet and seers 2、feature (cultural nationalism) → native / Indian → language content environment : wilderness of virgin forest / civilization of the primitive当地的原始文明 “Natty Bumppo”典型人物，来自于Cooper。 3、American Puritanism: Puritans tend to moralize their works than European ones. Thinking: ideals of individualism (Regan the Eden) ★4、transcendentalism: 超验主义。 书上内容： 一、文学特征： 1、environment：①shaped by their New World environment美洲大陆新环境 ②array of ideas inherited from the romantic traditions of Europe.欧洲早期浪漫主义思潮 2、美国文学特点:pluralistic多元化，manifestations表现形式: Varied多样, Individualistic个人主义,Conflicting矛盾 3、romanticism的特点：frequently shared certain general characteristics; moral enthusiasm, faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, and a presumption that the natural world was a source of goodness and man’s societies a source of corruption.浪漫主义之间大部分是相通的，都注重道德，强调个人主义价值观和直觉感受，并且认为自然是美的源头，人类社会是腐败之源。 ★4、transcendentalism超验主义： ①as a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematized. It exalted feeling over reason, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom. 不讲逻辑，不讲系统，只强调超越理性的感受，超越法律和世俗束缚的个人表达。 ②they spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society.呼吁文化复兴，反对美国社会的拜金主义。 ③they be