微生物专业 英语题集.doc

Test 1: Development of Microbiology 1 Multiple Choice (choose one answer) 1. The fundamental unit of all living organisms is the Membrane cell nucleus cell wall 2. Organisms that do not contain a true nucleus are referred to as fungi eukaryotic prokaryotic nankaryotic 3. The three kingdom classification system of organisms was proposed by Pasteur Bacon Winogradsky Woese 4. Fungi differ from bacteria in a number of characteristics. The cell walls in fungi are composedof , while the cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan Chitin phospholipids protein glucosamine 5. The first microscopes were developed by Ehrlich Metchnikoff Leewenhoek Lister 6. Control of microbial infections can be accomplished by chemical or immune mechanisms. The first report on the production of an antibiotic is credited to: Lister Fleming Ehrlich Koch 7 The term antibiotic means a substance produced by the laboratory that kills or inhibits other microorganisms a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits molds a substance produced by microorganism that kills or inhibits other microorganisms a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits cancer cells 8 The first documented use of a vaccine for smallpox was reported by the English physician Lister .Florey Fleming Jenner 9 Active immunity can be distinguished from passive immunity in that the former requires: development of antibodies in ones own body by stimulation with external antibodies development of antibodies in ones own body by stimulation with external antigens Flemingdevelopment of antibodies in a foreign host and transfer to one s own body development of antigens in ones own body by stimulation with external antibodies 10 The process of nitrification by bacteria described by Winogradsky converts ammonia to nitrate ions nitrate ions to ammonia N2 to ammonia ammoni