计算了水资源评价中的地表水资源评价、地下水资源评价、水资源总量评价、水资源供需平衡分析.doc

中文摘要 水是人类赖以生存和发展不可替代的自然资源，也是维系地球上生态平衡、决定环境质量状况最积极、最活跃的自然要素之一，同时水是人类生活和社会生产不可缺少的一项自然资源。但水资源有时贫乏，有时丰富，在时间和空间上分布极不均匀。水资源评价是确定水的资源量（包括水质）、范围和其相互关系，据此可以利用和控制它的可能性。水资源评价包括地表水资源评价、地下水资源评价、水资源总量评价、水资源供需平衡分析。 本设计主要计算了水资源评价中的地表水资源评价、地下水资源评价、水资源总量评价、水资源供需平衡分析。首先，对降水资料进行三性审查，即可靠性、一致性、代表性，并进行频率计算，做出频率曲线，对降水量进行年内和年际分配，并对其时空分布进行分析。其次，对径流和蒸发资料进行分析，计算径流量、蒸发量、干旱指数和地表水资源总量。然后进行地下水资源评价。最后计算水资源总量，进行水资源供需平衡分析。 关键词：水资源评价、地表水资源、水资源供需平衡分析。Abstract Water is one of the most important natural resources that human relies on and can not be substituted. And it is one of the most positive and active natural elements that it holds the ecological balance of the earth and determines environmental quality condition. But water resource is sometimes scarce, sometimes plentiful and always very unevenly distributed, both in space and time. Water resources evaluation is the determination of the amount of water resources (including water quality), the range and its relationship, and according to the above can be using and controlling its possibility. Water resources evaluation includes surface water resources evaluation, groundwater resources evaluation, the evaluation of total water resources, supply and demand balance of water resources. This design mainly has calculated surface water resources evaluation, groundwater resources evaluation, total water resources, supply and demand balance of water resources in water resources evaluation. First, review the three aspects of precipitation data, namely reliability, consistency, representative, and do frequency calculation, make frequency curve. Do annual distribution and year interregional distribution of precipitation, and analysis the temporal and spatial distribution. Secondly, analysis runoff data and evaporation data, and calculate runoff, evaporation, drought index and total surface water resources. Then evaluate groundwater resources. Finally, calculate total water resources, and do supply and demand balance of water resources. Keyword : Water resource