信管专业英语翻译第11篇.docx

The Ten Phases of System Development Life CycleThe System Development Life Cycle(SDLC)includes ten phases during which defined IT work products are created or modified. The tenth phase occurs when the system is disposed of and the task performed is either eliminated or transferred to other systems. Not every project will require that the phase be sequentially executed. However, the phases are interdependent. Depending upon the size and complexity of the project, phases may be combined or may overlap.Initiation Phase The initiation of a system (or project) begins when a business need or opportunity is identified. A Project Manager should be appointed to manage the project. This business need is documented in a Concept Proposal. After the Concept Proposal is approved, the System Concept Development Phase begins.System Concept Development Phase Once a business need is approved, the approaches for accomplishing the concept are reviewed for feasibility and appropriateness. The Systems Boundary Document identifies the scope of the system and requires Senior Official approval and funding before beginning the Planning Phase.Planning Phase The concept is further developed to describe how the business will operate once the approved system is implemented, and to assess how the system will impact employee and customer privacy. To ensure the products and/or services provide the required capability on time and within budget, project resources, activities, schedules, tool, and reviews are defined. Additionally, security certification and accreditation activities begin with the identification of system security requirements and the completion of a high level vulnerability assessment.Requirements Analysis PhaseFunctional user requirements are formally defined and delineate the requirements in terms of data, system performance, security, and maintainability requirements for system. All requirements are defined to a level of detail sufficient for systems design to proceed. All r