基于单片机的电机.docVIP

摘要 目前，电机在控制系统中的应用越来越广泛，由此凸现了电机控制的重要性。论文设计了一个基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的直流电机速度控制系统。文章从定子部分、转子部分介绍了直流电机的基本结构；分析了直流电动机和直流发电机各自的工作原理及其工作特点，总结了直流电机的一般工作原理；从直流电机的起动、转向、转速描述了电机的调速控制原理。系统设计以FPGA最小系统作主控制部分，通过控制调节脉冲占空比的大小改变输出电压的大小，从而达到控制直流电机的转速的目的；其受控部分包括按键输入电路、LED数码管显示电路、PWM驱动电路、速度检测电路，并分析了的各组成单元电路的作用及特点，通过Quartus II软件进行系统的功能仿真。 关键词：FPGA；直流电机；电机控制；PWM ABSTRACT At present ,the application in the control system of electrical machinery is more and more extensively , and has protrudingly appeared the importance of electrical machinery control from this . This design designed one baseds on the DC-motor speed control system of field programmable gate array ( FPGA ) . This text reaches other parts and has introduced the basic structure of current-motor from stator part and rotor part .Has analysed direct current motive and direct current electric generator respectively work principle and his work characteristic , and has summed up the general work principle , use and his the most excellent shortcoming of current-motor Starting and turns to and has rotated speed from the current-motor has been described the accent of electrical machinery and has fastly controlled the principle . The system design is decided and is controlled the part with FPGAs minimal system , By way of control adjusts the pulse occupies to empty than the dimension of big or small change output voltage , thus achieves the purpose of the rotational speed of control current-motor current-motor. His is received the accuse part to include key input circuit,LEDs nixie light display circuit,PWM drive circuit and the speed checkout module .The various effect and the characteristic to form the cell circuit of part of analytic system of system design , and the merit ability that this design was realized has been narrated by way of Quartus IIs program simulation . Keyword : FPGA ；DC-motor ；motor-control ；PWM 目录 摘要 I ABSTRACT II 第1章 绪论 1 第2章 系统总体设计 3 2.1 直流电机的基本结构和工作原理 3 2.2 直流电机的控制 6 2.3 系统功能要求 7 2.4 方案论证与比较 8 第3章 系统硬件电路设计 12 3