上海版八年级下册英语知识点 U1U2.docxVIP

Unit1高频词：raise，teenager，offer，suffer，serious，organize，express，pain，lonely，joy，peace，hurt，pay高频词组：in need，ask permission，suffer form，raise onesspirits，in order toReading一、词汇讲解1.Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during theschool holidays. 三位青少年在假期里主动要求做一些志愿者工作。? ?offer to do 意思是“ 愿意做；主动提出做”；e.g. He offered to do the cleaningalone.他主动提出自己一人打扫卫生。The job offered him a chance to go abroad.这工作给了他出国的机会。2.The children there all suffer from seriousillnesses。那里的小孩全都受重病的折磨。suffer from 意思是“ 因受苦；受折磨 ”，在ill 后加-ness变成illness是派生用法，即：如形容词后面加-ness会使形容词转换成名词。e.g. She suffers from headaches. 她患头痛。Thank you for your kindness. 谢谢你的好意。3. Cindy used them forher painting. 辛蒂参照着它们（照片）来画画。use·· ·for sth.?/doing sth.意思是 用某物完成某事 ；for是介词，其后加名词或动名词。e.g. They use worms for fishing. 他们用蚯蚓来钓鱼。4. She is unhappy andvery lonely.她很不高兴，很孤独。I wanted to helpdisabled children.我想帮助残疾儿童。lonely意思是“ 孤独的、寂寞的”，主要强调感觉；alone主要强调目前是一个人的状况，没有同伴。unhappy，disabled，是在happy和abled前分别加否定前缀un-，dis-延伸出来的派生词，是原单词的反义词。类似的前缀还有in-，im-，il-，ir，non-，mis-等。e.g. I dontlike going out alone at night .我不喜欢夜晚单独外出。The lonely people are eager for friends.孤独的人渴望朋友。It is impolite to get a word in.别人谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。Dontmisunderstand me.不要误解我的意思。5. My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien.我和妈妈会继续探望薇薇安。continue to do sth. 意思是“继续做某事”，e.g. we should continue to help her.我们应该继续帮助她。6. He hurt his legs inan accident .他在一次事故中伤了腿。hurt意思是“（使）疼痛，受伤”，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。e.g. Hurt his back whenplaying baseball.他打棒球时背部受伤了。7. We need to help children like Tim and raise theirspirits.我们要帮助想汤姆一样的小孩，让他们打起精神来。raise意思是“增加，提高”，作及物动词，A raise B。另外， raise还有“筹募，养育”之意。e.g. He raised his hand. 他举手。We want to raise money for these children. 我们要为这些小孩募款。二、句子解析1.They have difficulty walking or moving.他们行动有困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth . 意思是“做某事有困难”，e.g. Very bad. I have difficulty (in) breathing.糟透了，我呼吸有些困难。2. I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy andpeace. 我教他们唱歌，因为音乐能给他们带来欢乐与宁静。teach sb. to do sth. 意思是“教某人去做某事 ”；