水处理常用词汇中英对照.docx

Activated sludge An aerobic wastewater treatment process where microorganisms are grown in a reactor and kept in suspension through mixing and aeration. Wastewater is passed through the reactor where the suspended microorganisms consume and convert the organic matter, and later being separated from the treated wastewater in a settlement process. The process requires a constant recycling of biomass from the settlement tank back to the reactor to maintain the required microbial population for treatment.活性淤泥在污水处理过程中的好氧段，微生物通过混合和曝气在反应池中生长。废水与悬浮在反应池中的微生物反应，废水中的有机物被微生物消耗转化，在之后的沉降过程分离出来。这个过程中需要一定数量的微生物从沉淀池循环到反应池，以保证处理过程微生物总量符合要求。------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alkalinity The quantitative capacity of water to neutralize an acid; that is, the measure of how much acid can be added to a liquid without causing a significant change in pH. In the water industry, alkalinity is expressed in mg/l of equivalent calcium carbonate. There are three kinds of alkalinity: carbonate, bicarbonate, and hydroxide alkalinity. Total alkalinity is the sum of all three kinds of alkalinity.碱性碱性是指水定量的中和酸的能力，就是在PH不剧烈变化的情况下，溶液中能中和多少酸。在水处理行业，以mg/l的碱性物质对应的碳酸钙表示碱性。有三种碱性物质，碳酸盐碳酸氢盐和氢氧化物。总碱度是三种碱性物质的和。-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Backwash Reversing the flow of water back through the filter media to remove entrapped solids.反洗反转水的流向，使水流回过滤介质以去除截留的固体。-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Batch ProcessA treatment process in which a tank or reactor is filled, the water or wastewater is treated , and the tank is emptied. The tank may then be filled and the process repeated. Batch processes are also used to cleanse, stabilize, or condition chemical solutions for use in industrial manufacturing and treatment proce