Unit2动名词作主语和宾语.docx

必修四Unit2动名词(V-ing)作主语和宾语动名词由动词的-ing形式构成，于现在分词同型。作为动名词，它具有动词的基本性质，可以有自己的状语和宾语，也具有名词的特征，在句中可作主语，表语，宾语。总结归纳： 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用。 动名词既可作动词宾语，又可作宾语。动名词的形式 主动式被动式一般式：doing being done 完成式：having done having been doneTalking is easier than doing.He enjoys fishing.Don’t be afraid of speaking English.V-Ing做主语的三种情况掌握只能加ing作宾语的动词;掌握加ing与不定式作宾语的含义有区别的动词;Ing的复合结构1．动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do．2)Learning new words is very important for me．3) Talking is easier than doing.②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。1) It’s worth making the effort．2) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock．3)Is it any good trying to explain?4)It is pleasant working with you③在there be结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ” 如：1) There is no hiding of evil but not to do it．2) Here is no joking about such matter.3) There was no knowing when he would leave.动名词和to do 不定式作的区别 -ing表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作（抽象），不定式则通常表示具体的动作。I like reading，but now I like to see a film. 注意：There is no need to do sth 干、、、没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doing.. There is no need to tell her. 注意：-ing的逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。My sisters being ill made we worried.Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. 在实际运用中，一般两者可以互换，差异不大，但下列情况不能互换．用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的There is no doing 无法……，不允许……There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理There is/was no use doing 干……无意义There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的There is/was no point doing 干……无意义There was no knowing where we would go. There is no point doing such a silly thing. 而在It’s important … / It’s necessary … / It’s advisable … / It’s essential … / It’s fitting … 这类句型中，只能用不定式， It’s important to learn foreign languages. It’s quite necessary to read it many t