Unit 1 P26美国总统选举.docVIP

Cultural Information P26 文化信息 2. The American Presidential Election 2. 美国总统选举 Elections are a fundamental part of the American system of government, which was founded on the principle that the power to govern rests in the hands of the people. 新词： 参考译文：选举是美国政府制度的基本部分，根据统治的权力在人民手中的原则而建立。 This system depends primarily on the votes. 参考译文：这一制度主要取决于投票。 The electoral process can only work if people participate. 新词： 参考译文：选举过程只有在人民参加的条件下才能进行。 In the United States, elections are held at federal, state and local levels, and the most import of all is the national presidential election with the purpose to choose the president and vice president of the country. 新词： 参考译文：在美国，选举分联邦，州和地方级进行，其中最重要的是选择国家总统和副总统的国家总统选举。 The president and vice president are the only government officials in the United States elected by and representing the entire nation. 新词： 参考译文：总统和副总统是美国全国选来代表全国的唯一的政府官员。 The president exercises the powers of chief executive officer of the federal government, the leader of the executive branch and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. 新词： 参考译文：总统Although sharing power with Congress and the judiciary, the president is the most powerful and important officeholder in the country. 新词： officeholder官员，公务员 参考译文：尽管与国会和司法部门分享权力，总统是全国最有权力，最重要的公务员。 The Constitution of the United States specifies a four-year presidential term and the precedent established by George Washington limited his successors to two terms. 新词： precedent先例 参考译文：美国宪法规定4年总统任期，乔治.华盛顿确立的先例将他的继任的任期限制为两届。 In a reaction against Franklin Roosevelt’s extended presidency (1932-1944), Congress and state legislatures approved in 1951 the 22nd Amendment to the Constitution, which limits a president to two elected terms. 新词： react against反抗,反对 参考译文：为反对富兰克林. 罗斯福延长总统任期(1932-1944)，国会和国家立法机关1951年批准了宪法第22修正案，将总统任期限制为两届。 A two-party system dominates the country’s politics, and since the mid-19th century the Democratic and Republic parties have been most prominent. 新词： 参考译文：两党制控制国家的政治，自19世纪中期以来，