高中英语语法复习__必修四【by_swasky】.doc

高中英语语法复习 必修四 Unit 主谓一致 主谓一致 知识总结归纳 （一）概述： 主语与谓语的一致：在英语表达中，谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。主要体现在 动词，助动词 do,have 以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。 谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。 名词或代词做主语有人称和单，复数之分，动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式，而动词的复数形式 动词的原形。 例句： 1. Iam seventeen,andhe is sixteen. 2. Thereis a deskin theroom, butthere areno chairsin it. 3. John getsup atsix o’clock everymorning. 4. Whatis thelatest news about the Olympic Games ? 5. The family aresitting atthe breakfasttable. （二）语法一致： 1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语： （1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。 例句： ① My brotherandI havebothseenthat film. ② Both riceandwheat aregrown in thispartof China. ③ The poet andthe novelistwere bothpresent at themeeting. ④ Reading, writing and arithmeticarecalled thethree R’s. （2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数形式。 例句： ① The professorand writer is speaking atthemeeting. ② War andpeace is a constanttheme in history. ③ Onemore knife andforkis needed. ④ The statesman and poet was engagedin warfareall his life. ⑤ Law andorderhas been established. ⑥ Breadand butteris ourdaily food. ⑦ Fishand chipsis a popularfast food. ⑧ The starsandstripes is thenational flagof U.S.A. （3）这部分主语前面有each, every,many a,no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 例句： ① Each doctor and（each）nurse was givena new shirt. ② No sound andno voiceis heard. ③ Many a boyand girlhas madethe same mistake. ④ Every minute andeverysecond is precious. 2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 例句： ① Reading is a great pleasurein life. ② Tolive means to create. ③ That we need more time is obvious. ④ What is neededis food and medicine. 3. 表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式 。 例句： ① Threethousand miles is along distance. ② Eight hours ofsleep is enough. 4. 不定代词 anyone, anything, everyone,everything, someone,something, noone, nothing, each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 例句： ① Is anybody goingtotell him thenews ? ② Someone wants to seeyou. （三）就近原则 由连词 or, either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also, 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词 和离它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。 例句： 1. Eitheryouor Jean is to besentto New Zealand. 2. Not only his family