微小RNA在消化系统恶性肿瘤中的生物学意义及进展微小RNA在消化系统恶性肿瘤中的生物学意义及进展.pdf

Medical Diagnosis 医学诊断, 2014, 4, 7-14 Published Online June 2014 in Hans. /journal/md /10.12677/md.2014.42002 Biological Significances and Progresses of miRNA in Digestive System Neoplasms Lina Xu, Hong Zhang Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Email: zhangh111@ th th th Received: Apr. 14 , 2014; revised: May 20 , 2014; accepted: May 25 , 2014 Copyright © 2014 by authors and Hans Publishers Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). /licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract miRNAs are a group of endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules of 18 - 25 nt. They regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level through interaction with inhibition of target gene translation, involving in a variety of important biological processes. They link closely to the proli- feration and apoptosis of the tumor cell and play a very important role in the early diagnosis and treatment. They can be regarded as a promising biomarker of carcinoma. This review tries to do a short introduction of the research progresses and biological significances of miRNA in digestive neoplasms. Keywords microRNA, Digestive System Carcinoma, Biological Significance, Process 微小RNA在消化系统恶性肿瘤中的 生物学意义及进展 许丽娜，张 弘 南通大学附属医院消化内科，南通 Email: zhangh111@ 收稿日期：2014年4月14 日；修回日期：2014年5月20 日；录用日期：2014年5月25 日 7 微小RNA 在消化系统恶性肿瘤中的生物学意义及进展 摘 要 微小RNA(microRNA, miRNA)是一类长度为18~25个核苷酸组成的内源性非编码小分子RNA，miRNA主 要通过与靶基因序列特异性翻译抑制的相互作用在转录后水平对基因表达进行调节，从而参与多种生物 学功能。与肿瘤细胞的增殖，凋亡等过程密切相关。在肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗中发挥了重要的作用。它 们可以作为肿瘤诊断的潜在的生物标志物。本文就微小RNA(microRNA, miRNA)在消化道肿瘤中的生物 学意义及进展做出综述。