英汉语比较：插入语.doc

英汉插入语 一、关于插入语的表意功能 由于插入语表意功能十分丰富、细腻，符合口头、笔头交际的各种需要，因此其重要性是不可与“次要”同日而语的。一般而言较常见的表意功能有如下一些： (一)表示说话者的态度或看法。例如： 1. It was late in getting to the station, but fortunately for me, the train was late too.我到站迟了，幸而火车也晚点了。 2. It was his last romance. His last but one, to do him justice. (O. Wilde)这是他的最后一部传奇小说。平心而论，这是他的倒数第二部。 (二)表示说话者的估计或推测。例如： 1. Perhaps he was mistaken.也许他弄错了。 2. It will result in success, I suppose.我们猜想，此事会成功。 (三)表示补充说明。例如： 1. This road is, I admit, very hilly。我承认此道很崎岖。 2. He left there last year, that is (to say), in 1995. 他去年离开了那里，也就是说，1995年。 (四)表示应答之声。例如： 1. Ah, yes, you shouldnt have helped him, shouldnt you?啊，对了，那时你本不应该帮他，不是吗？ 2. Oh, no, you neednt tell this to him.哎呀，不行，你不必把这件事告诉他。 (五)表示引起对方注意、观察或思考。例如： 1. New York, as you know, is situated on the Hudson River. 如你所知，纽约位于哈得逊河河畔。 2. I must be off now, you see.你知道，我该动身了。 (六)表示肯定或强调。例如： 1. I am not guessing——I really know.我不是猜——我确实知道。 2. Hes a teacher, to be sure. 他的确是名老师。 (七)表示材料说明。例如： 1. The trees in that area, it is said, are mostly more than thirty feet tall.据说那一地区的树大都有30多尺高。 2. Talking of ice-cream, have you ever eaten it?说到冰棋林，你可曾吃过？ (八)表示列举。例如： 1. To illustrate, it is estimated that the changing of 1 gram of uranium to lead would supply as much as burning of 6,000 tons of coal.例如，据估计一克铀变成铅将提供燃烧6千吨煤所产生的能量。 2. We now need two hours to think about that, say from four to six.我们现有需要用两个小时来考虑那件事，比方说从4点到6点。 (九)表示顺序。例如： 1. I like you to do two things. First, phone the office and tell them Ill be late. Secondly, order the taxi to be here about an hour.(R. Quirk)我希望你给我做两事。第一，给办公室打电话，告诉他们我晚些时候去。第二，叫出租汽车大约一小时后到这里来。 2. You should give him some help. In the first place, send her for a doctor. In the second place, send him some money.你该给他一些帮助。首先，派她去叫医生；其次，给他送些钱去。 (十)表示话题转换。例如： 1. By the way, when does he come to see you?顺便问问(且说)，他何时来看您？ 2. By the by(e), have you finished your homework?顺便