中学历史双语词汇表.doc

???? ? 中学历史双语词汇表 Chapter one 明朝? Ming Dynasty??? 经济? economy???????? 文化? culture 新气象 the new look??? 清朝? Qing Dynasty???葡萄牙 Portugal 荷兰?? Holland????????西班牙 Spain?????????? 长崎?? Nagasaki 利玛窦 Matteo Ricci 汤若望 Johann Adam Schall von Bell after the New Sea Route Opened Chapter two 英国资产阶级革命 British Bourgeois Revolution 詹姆士一世 James I???《大宪章》 Magna Charta 查理一世?? Charles I????? 奥利佛·克伦威尔 Oliver Cromwell 资产阶级?? the bourgeoisie 新贵族???? new noble?? 斯图亚特王朝? the Stuart???????? 第一次内战 the first civil war 纳西比战役Battle of Naseby?? 詹姆士二世 James II???????????????军事独裁?? military dictatorship???爱尔兰???? Ireland??? 苏格兰???? Scotland 护国公???? Lord Protector??????? 斯图亚特王朝复辟 restoration of the Stuart 光荣革命?? Glorious Revolution???? 《权利法案》Bill of Rights 背景?????? background??? 根本原因?? basic reason?????? 导火线??? fuse 开始?????? beginning????? 转折点???? the turning point??? 结束?????? ending 过程?????? course??????? 意义?????? significance????????世界近代史 the world modern history Chapter Domination of Qing Dynasty at the beginning 皇帝?? emperor???????????? 措施?? measure??????????????? 达赖喇嘛? Dalai Lama??????? 班禅?? Banchan???????????????? 西藏?? Tibet 闭关政策? closed-door policy 闭关锁国? close the communications at the borders 闭关自守? close the country to international intercourse 莫卧尔帝国 Mughal Empire 奥斯曼帝国 Ottoman Empire 横跨欧亚大陆的俄罗斯帝国? the empire of Russia across the continents between Europe and Asia 彼得一世改革the reformation of Peter I??????????????彼得大帝? Peter the Great 农奴制?? serf system?????? 内容???? content?????????? 结果???? result Chapter Five? The Different Ways of the Culture Development between Sino-West in 17c and 18c 牛津大学? University of Oxford??? 巴黎大学? University of Paris??? 法兰西斯·培根 Francis Bacon 知识就是力量? Knowledge is power. 牛顿????? Isaac Newton 拉瓦锡??? Antonie Laurent Lavoisier? 启蒙运动? the Enlightenment 孟德斯鸠? Charles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu 伏尔泰? Voltaire 卢梭???Jean Jacques Rousseau 狄德罗??? Denis Diderot 洛克????? John Locke Chapter Six? The War of Independence 奴隶??? slavery??? 移民