国际组织简介.docVIP

This assessment covers the content of Outcome 1. You are expected to answer BOTH questions, ensuring that you answer each part of question 1. You should submit your answers in a report format and must quote all information sources that you used in the production of your report. As a guide, your report should be approximately 2,000 words in length. Questions 1 Answer the following questions giving detailed information on six international institutions that you have studied. For each institution you should: (a) Identify how, why and when these institutions originated. (b) Identify their role and state how that role has developed from the institution’s origins to the present day. (c) Identify how the organisation contributes to the world economy. Explain the impact of current changes in the world economy on individual businesses operating in China. Use at least TWO examples to illustrate your answer. IMF The International Monetary Fund (IMF) regards it as one of the main pillars of the ‘new international financial architecture’ — that is, the package of proposals for reforming the international financial system that is intended to reduce the frequency and severity of financial and currency crises in emerging markets. The other pillars of the IMF’s proposed packag e transparency, prudential regulation of financial institutions, cautious liberalisation of international capital markets and the implementation of codes of international best practice for making and documenting economic policies. 2 To make it easier for developing country governments to force private creditors to concede partial forgiveness of debts in a crisis, the IMF should sometimes ‘lend into arrears’ — that is, it should lend to countries that are in default on contracted debt service payments to banks or private bond holders. During the Latin American debt crisis of the 1980s, the IMF refrained from lending to untries in arrears to private creditors, but it began to do so in 1989,