环球英语CET-6写作句型.doc

大学英语六级写作精讲班第8讲讲义 主要标点符号的用法 ? 标点符号用法讲练 ? ? 标点符号 (Punctuation Marks) 主要用来明确语句的含义，标示一个句子或句子中各个成分的起止，以及彼此间的语法或语义上的关系。常用的标点符号有： i) 句号 ( . ) (Period, Full Stop) ii) 问号 ( ? ) (Interrogation Mark) iii) 感叹号 ( ! ) (Exclamation Mark) iv) 逗号( , ) (Comma) v) 分号( ; ) (Semicolon) vi) 冒号( : ) (Colon) vii) 破折号 ( — ) (Dash) viii) 括号( [ ] ) (Parentheses) ix) 引号 ( “ ” )(Quotation Marks) x) 连字号 ( - ) (Hyphen) xi) 撇号( ’ ) (Apostrophe) xii) 删节号 (…) (Ellipsis) 上列标点符号，可归纳为三种情况：i) — iii) 用于句尾；iv) — ix) 用于句中；x) —xi)用于词内。最后一个符号常用于引文中，表示删掉一些文字。 ? （一）主要标点符号的用法 ? 1) 逗号 (Comma) 主要用于： a) 并列的词或句子。例如： Solids , liquids and gases can be changed from one to another. From l926 until his death in l953, Thorpe lived a poor , lonely , unhappy life. There’s only enough room for people to walk in , take one of the eleven inserts , roll them together , slip a rubber band around them and slide them into a plastic bag. The present is living , the past dead , and the future unknowable. b) 状语(包括从句，动词-ing形式，独立结构，不定式短语，介词短语等)。例如： When water is heated , it will be changed into vapour. John , seeing that his brother was hurt , ran to help him. 或Seeing that his brother was hurt , John ran to help him. Work is done , even by a force acting at a distance. To make the trip more exciting for the kids , Oscar kept the destination a secret. After the heartbreaking experience , Thorpe turned to professional sports. c) 非限定形容词从句或插入语。例如： At l0 a.m.we arrived at the railway station , where Jane was waiting for us. You know , of course , what a phrasal verb is. I needn’t , therefore , explain it now. d) 呼语、同位语。例如： George , tell Dick the answer to the question. He was a direct descendant of the famous warrior chief , Black Hawk. e) 日期、数字、地址。例如： Chichester began the greatest voyage of his life in August , 1966. The voyage from England and back covered 28, 2500 miles. Please send it to 1932 Hill Road , London S.E. 18.（门牌号和街名间无标点） f) 姓名（姓在名前面时），非正式信件的抬头或信末署名前的客套语。例如： Shakespeare , William Einstein , Albert Dear Philip , Sincere