怎样处理汉英差别.docx

怎么学好英语一直是我们中国学生头疼的问题。那次通过新东方老师，我终于悟出来了，中方的思维方式差异太大了。在继续向前走直前，我们有必要重新审视一下。刚刚看到一篇极好的文章，关于中英文差异，贴出来与大家分享。?Major Differences Between Chinese and English?I.Hypotactic vs paratactic （形合与意合） Hypotactic----the dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives, for example, “Is hall die if you don’t come” (中译为: )（复句中成分之间的关系用一种公式，即连接词来连接）. Paratactic----The arraging of clauses one after another without connectives showing the logical relation between them. (分句与分句之间不用连接词来表示相互之间的逻辑关系). English tends to be hypotactic while Chinese tends to be paratactic. We should remember the tendency in the two languages is relative not absolute. The structure of English is compared to a tree with various branches on different levels, while Chinese is caompared to a bamboo with one part after another. e.g. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us: that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly revolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. (Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address ) (我们应该做的是献身于他们留给我们的伟大任务。我们的先烈已将自己的全部精诚付与我们的事业，我们应从他们的榜样中汲取更多的精神力量，努力使他们的鲜血不致白流。在上的保佑下，自由将得到新生。我们这个民有、民治、民巷的政府将永存于世上。) 两种特征形成的效果是，英语结构紧凑严密；而汉语结构简练明快。英语好像一棵参天大树，一串葡萄，一串珍珠；汉语好比一根竹子，一盘珠子，一波江涛。具体说来，在英语中，主干突出，即主谓机制突出，名词尤其是抽象名词用得多，介词也用得多，英语在表达复杂的思想时，往往开门见山，然后借用英语特有的词汇关系代词，把各个句子有机地结合起来，构成一串串葡萄似的句子。主干可能简单，但上面却借着累累硕果。如： The isolation of the rural world, because of distance and the lack of transport facilities, is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 译文：由于距离远，有缺乏交通工具，是农村社会与外界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重。 It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days,or in sadness about friends who are dead.(from How to Grow Old) 译文：为美好的往昔而遗憾，为逝去的朋友而哀伤，是没有用的。 Man proposes, God