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动名词专讲 一．动名词的定义 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 1.动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） 时态 语态 一般时 完成时 主动语态 writing having written 被动语态 being written having been written a.一般式(doing) 动名词一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动作之后发生。　 1. By reviewing the old, you can learn something new. 2. Some people are interested in singing. 某些动词,我们常用动名词的一般式表示动作的完成,尽管动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,这似乎是一种习惯。例如: Excuse me for being late. 我来晚了请你原谅。 I don\t remember ever meeting you somewhere. 我记不得曾经在什么地方见过你。 Thank you for giving us so much help. 谢谢你给我们这么大的帮助。 b.完成式(having done) 动名词的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动作之前发生。 1. I regret having been unable to write you earlier. 2. I apologize for not having kept my promise. 3. We have no ides of their having done such a thing. c.动名词的否定形式是：not writing He felt unhappy for not having been invited to my birthday party. d. 动名词的复合结构：one’s doing (one’s是动名词的逻辑主语，若该结构作宾语，one’s 可变成其相应的宾格；若作主语，必须是one’s形式，即形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格。) 动名词具有动词的特征，因此它可有自己的逻辑主语。如果需要指出动名词动作的发出者，可在动名词前加一物主代词、名词所有格、名词或人称代词宾格,这样就构成了动名词的复合结构。 1. Do you mind my(me) making a suggestion? 2. Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 3. Her not remembering my advice disappointed me. 4. My daughter’s staying up so late worried me. 5. I know nothing about the window being open. 6. She was awakened by someone knocking at the door. 二．动名词的基本用法 １．用作主语 　所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 　Playing with fire is dangerous. Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。 1)It is no use/ good /+ doing… 2)It is worthwhile// useless /+ doing… 2)It is a waste of time+doing … 3)It is fun+doing … It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好 2. 用作宾语 1）作动词的宾语 为了便于记忆，特归纳如下： 后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜： 避免，错过，（少）延期avoid, miss, postpone/put off 建议，完成，（多）练习suggest, finish, practice 喜欢，想象，禁不住enjoy, imagine, can’t help 承认，否定，（又）妒忌admit,