Φ900固定管板换热器的设计.doc

Φ900固定管板换热器的设计 摘要：换热器在石油、化工、轻工、制药、能源等工业生产中，常常需要把低温流体加热或者把高温流体冷却，把液体汽化成蒸汽或者把蒸汽冷凝成液体。这些过程均和热量传递有着密切联系，因而均可以通过换热器来完成。随着经济的发展，各种型式和种类的换热器发展很快，新结构、新材料的换热器不断涌现。为了适应发展的需要，我国对某些种类的换热器已经建立了标准，形成了系列。换热器的应用广泛，日常生活中取暖用的暖气散热片、汽轮机装置中的凝汽器和航天火箭上的油冷却器等，都是换热器。它还广泛应用于化工、石油、动力和原子能等工业部门。它的主要功能是保证工艺过程对介质所要求的特定温度，同时也是提高能源利用率的主要设备之一。换热器既可是一种单元设备，如加热器、冷却器和凝汽器等；也可是某一工艺设备的组成部分，如氨合成塔内的换热器。换热器是化工生产中重要的单元设备，根据统计，热交换器的吨位约占整个工艺设备的20%有的甚至高达30%，其重要性可想而知。因此，设计和选择得到使用、高效的换热器对降低设备的造价和操作费用具有十分重要的作用。 关键词：换热器；应用广泛；单元设备 过控0701 王海全 Φ900 fixed tube sheet heat exchanger design summary：Heat exchanger in oil, chemical industry, light industry, pharmaceuticals, energy, industrial production, often require or fluid cooling high-temperature low temperature fluid heating, steam or liquid turns into steam condensing into a liquid. These processes and heat transfer are closely linked, which can be done by heat exchangers. With the development of the economy, various types and kinds of heat exchangers is developing rapidly, new structures, new materials for heat exchanger are emerging. In order to meet the needs of development, my country has established a standard of some kind of heat exchangers, forming a series. Broad application of heat exchanger, heating with in everyday life of heating radiator, condenser of steam turbine plant and the oil cooler on the space rocket, are heat exchangers. It is also widely used in chemical industry, petroleum, power and Atomic Energy and other industrial sectors. Its main function is to ensure that process on specific temperature required by media, but also one of the main equipment energy efficiency. But a unit of heat exchangers, such as heaters, coolers and condensers; but also a part of the process equipment, such as heat exchangers in ammonia synthesis Tower. Heat exchanger is an important unit of chemical production equipment, according to statistics, the tonnage of about the whole process of heat exchange equipment for 20% and some even as high as 30%, its importance can