视频通信与立体视频.pdf

Tianjin University School of Electronic and Information Engineering 视频网络传输与立体视频技术 周圆 Overview 1 What is a Video 2 Streaming Video over the Internet 3 3D Video What is an image? Grayscale image A pattern of light intensity over a 2-D plane Described by a nonnegative real-valued function I(x,y) of two continuous spatial coordinates on an image plane. I(x,y) is the intensity of the image at the point (x,y). What is an image? Color image Represented by 3 functions R(x,y) for red channel G(x,y) for green channel B(x,y) for blue channel What is a Video? • Grayscale video – A temporal sequence of images – Described by I(x,y,t) of 3 spatial-temporal coordinates – I(x,y,t) is the intensity of the video at the point (x,y,t) • Color video – Represented by 3 functions • R(x,y,t) for red • G(x,y,t) for green • B(x,y,t) for blue Digital video Computer handles “discrete” data. Sampling Sample the value of the video at the nodes of a regular grid on the 3D video cube A pixel at (i, j, k) is the intensity value at grid point indexed by the integer coordinate (i, j, k). Quantization transform a real valued sampled image to a finite number of distinct values. Each sampled value in a 256-level grayscale image is represented by 8 bits. Further explanation Perceptual level: moving pictures on screens Processing level: time series of 2D pictures Storage level: a great number of bits