特低渗透油藏有效注水开发方式研究.doc

摘　要 随着经济的持续、快速、健康的发展，国民经济对原油的需求以每年5%~6%的速度增长，而中国陆上已开发油田的地质储量中特低渗透油藏储量约占10%，已探明未动用储量中有一半以上是特低渗透储量，这就迫切需要对特低渗透油藏进行有效的开采，满足国内对石油的需求。同时近几年来，油价的不断攀升，也为特低渗透油藏的开发创造了经济上的可行性。 本文是在调研国内外特低渗透油藏注水开发技术的基础上，对特低渗透油藏注水开发的开采特征、存在的问题和影响因素做了阐述和分析，并利用数值模拟方法对超前注水、周期注水两种开发方法进行了研究，分析了其影响参数。分析了特低渗透油田注水矿场开发的实例，从而确定了同步注水的基础上，通过超前注水和周期注水技术可以有效地开发特低渗透油藏,保持特低渗透油藏较高的地层压力,并最终提高石油采收率。最后阐述了特低渗透油藏其它有效的开发方式。 关键词：特低渗透；注水；超前注水；周期注水 Abstract With the healthy and stable development of the economy, the demand for crude oil is increasing at the speed of 5%-6% per year. But the ultra-low permeability accounts for 10% of the geological reserves of developed oil field, and occupy half of the proven but untapped reserve on land. This urgent needs to carry on effective exploitation to the ultra-low permeability reservoir, satisfies the oil demand of country. At the same time, the rising oil price in recent years creates the economic feasibility for ultra-low permeability reservoir development. This paper researches ultra-low permeability reservoir development technologies both at home and abroad. Elaborating and analysis the waterflooding recovery feature, existing problems and influence factors, studing on advanced and cyclic water injection by using numerical simulation method and analysing it’s influencing factor. Analysis the mine developmented instances of ultra-low permeability oilfield water injection, in order to determine that based on the synchronous injection, advanced water injection and cyclic water injection technologies can effectively develop ultra-low permeability reservoirs, to maintain the reservoir pressure of ultra-low permeability oilfield higher. Ultimately, enhanced oil recovery. Finally, expounded the other effective developed ways of ultra-low permeability oilfield. Key words: Ultra-low permeability; Water-flooding; advanced water injection; cyclic water injection 目　录 第1章 概述 1 1.1 特低渗透油田注水开发的目的和意义 1 1.2 特低渗透油田注水开发国内外发展现状 1 1.3 论文研究主要内容 3 第2章 特低渗透油藏的基本特征和渗流机理 4 2.1 特低渗透油藏的基本特征 4 2