动词不定式用法小结[].docVIP

??? 一. 作主语? 例如：??? To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。??? To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。??? 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：??? It is hard to be a doctor.??? It is not easy to learn English well. 再如：??? It’s important to plant trees in spring.??? 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例：??? It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.??? 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。??? It is important for students to use English every day.??? 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 ??? 二. 作表语：??? 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：??? His work is to drive a car.??? 他的工作是开车。??? My job is to feed animals.??? 我的工作是饲养动物。??? Her ambition is to be a doctor.??? 她的理想是当医生。 ??? 三. 作宾语??? 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：??? I want to tell you a story.??? 我想给你讲个故事。??? They begin to work at eight every morning.??? 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。??? Don’t forget to lock the door.??? 别忘了锁门。??? Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow???? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？??? *如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：???（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.??? 他想和我们一起去游泳。?? （2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。??? I find it interesting to learn English with you.??? 我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。??? He found it hard to catch up with others.??? 他觉得赶上别人很困难。 ??? 四. 作宾语补足语。例如：??? The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.??? 老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。??? The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.??? 老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。??? Please let me help you.??? 让我来帮助你。??? 动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：? 1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语：??? tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth.??? 例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.??? I want you to go now.??? 我想让你