4英语专业四级词汇语法辅导--主谓一致.pptVIP

* 裂句是英语中的一种特殊句型。在传统语法中英语分裂句被简单地认为是一种强调结构。 * * * * 名词性分句作主语时的主谓一致 5. 如果what-分句本身明显表示复数意义，比如what-分句的动词和补语都是复数，那么主句动词也可用复数。 6. 由how and why, when and where引导的从句做主语时，谓动仍用单数。 When and where we will have the meeting has not been decided. 非限定分句作主语的主谓一致问题 1. 动词不定式、-ing分词形式做主语，谓动用单数。 To learn English well is difficult. 2.以两个由 and连接的并列非限定分句做主语，如表示两件事情，谓动用复数；如果指的是一件事，动词用单数。 Reading three classical novels and making some social investigations are assignments for the students during the holiday. 定语从句中的主谓一致问题 定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式通常依照先行词的形式而定。 先行词 + which + V. (动词与先行词一致) that e.g. I, who am your friend, should help you. e.g. I will employ a boy who understands English. “one of+复数名词+定语从句“结构中的主谓一致 1. 在 “one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句中的谓动常依照语法一致原则用复数。 This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire. 2. 在”the only one of+复数名词+定语从句“结构中，定语从句的谓动仍用单数。 Mary is the only one of the youngest girls who is studying the major of International Law in this university. 分裂句中的主谓一致 在分裂句 “It is + 主语 + that + V. (此为强调句句型)” ，动词与主语一致。 It is Jim who is going to do it．是吉姆去做这项工作。 It is I who am to blame．应受责备的是我。 但在非正式语体中，此分裂句中心成分可用宾格代词me，这时，随后的 that一分句动词通常用第三人称单数。例如： It is me that is to blame． It is me that was injured in the accident．在事故中受伤的是我。 存在句中的主谓一致 在here, there 引导的存在句中，谓语动词与其后面的实义主语一致。一般说来，实义主语是单数，动词也用单数，实义主语是复数，动词也是用复数。 There is a big lake in the centre of the city．城市的中心有一个大湖。 There are three rooms left．还剩三间房。 当用作实义主语的名词词组是个并列结构时，采用就近原则决定谓语动词的形式。 There is a pen , two pencils and some books on the desk. There are two pens , a pencil and some books on the desk. 注意 1）more than one + 单数N. + 单形V. 2) more + 复数N. than one + 复形V. 3）more than two (three,…)+复数N. +复形V e.g. More than one student is punished. More students than one are punished. More than two white roses have bloomed. 注意 1）“a / an + 单名+ or two ” 大多接单数谓语： “one or two + 复名”接复数谓语。 ①Only a word or two is (are )needed. 只需说一两句。 ②One or two reasons were