中科院考博英语 培训资料 Language+.pptVIP

GUCAS English Depart. Hu Jiangbo The language of writing 1。句式多样化 sentence variety 1）变换句子的开头：名词做主语放句首，介词短语，副词状语，状语从句，分词短语以及形容词短语做状语放在句首。 2）使用不同结构的句型：简单句，复合句，并列句。 2。使用表达委婉语气的情态动词：would, could, may, might. E.g. I would argue… 3。注意使用信号词（signal words）用来暗示上下文逻辑关系，作者思路。 1）表示结构的词汇：in conclusion, in sum, to conclude, to sum up. Continued--信号词（signal words） 2）表示肯定程度的词汇： ----表示非常肯定的：certainly, clearly, plainly, apparently, surely, undoubtedly, obviously. ----表示某种保留的：possibly, perhaps, likely, probably, potentially, presumably, to some extent, in large sense, in some sense, in a sense, generally speaking, normally. 3）引出新观点的词汇：first, second, third, finally, in the first place, in the second place, last but not least, first of all, next, another, in addition, further (more), moreover, also, likewise, similarly, for one thing……for another( 表示并列，相同性质。而 on the one hand…on the other hand表示对照，相反对的关系 ), suppose, imagine, what if. Continued-信号词（signal words） 4）引出详细解释的词： Specifically, particularly, one, for e.g., in this case, in that…, such as…, in addition to …. 5）表示对照或其他观点出现的词汇： Otherwise, however, nevertheless, though, although, yet, meanwhile, while, but, instead, still, anyway, unlike, on the contrary, by contrast, by comparison, in any case, at any rate, in spite of, rather than, on the one hand…on the other hand, even if, apart from, instead of, even so. 6）表示证据出现的词汇：since, because, actually, in fact, as a matter of fact, Continued--排比 7）表示推理的词汇：as a result, accordingly, consequently, hence, thus, ultimately, thereby, therefore, as a consequence, if so, if not, according to. 8）表示反复说明的词汇：in other words, briefly, that is. 4. 使用排比对称结构 Despite all the evidence, experts continue to debate whether global warming exists （① 从句）, the extent of the problem （② 短语）, what the likely effects will be and whether any remedy is possible （③从句） . Debate 后面接的只有一个短语，其他都是从句，可全改为从句。 将②改为→how extensive the problem is 或者全改为短语: ①→ the