论我国食品安全问题惩处模式.docVIP

毕业设计（论文） 题 目： 论我国食品安全问题惩处模式 论我国食品安全问题惩处模式On the issue of food safety punishment mode Abstract Since 2008 outbreak of the melamine milk powder incident since the issue of food safety has become a daily topic of communication indispensable. 2009 introduced the Food Safety Law after the community was collected comments and suggestions, and in April 2015 issued a new revised Food Safety Law, the law known as the history of the most stringent law, the government on this issue punishment determination is evident. Under the existing legal system, the basic use of food safety issues in civil, administrative, criminal Trinity with applicable. In this regard, I suggest, we can learn from foreign advanced experience in legislation, such as the strict EU regulatory system, playing a set of food chain system, and if the United States severely punitive system to actual damages as compensation for the reference, take floating penalty amount. Meanwhile, the Japanese national life and health first spirit also worth people thinking. In a series of vigorous government system construction, the law must keep pace with institution building, give full play to its role in safeguarding and achieve better effectiveness of law enforcement to solve food safety problems. Key Words Food safety issues Punitive Damages System Food recall system 论我国食品安全问题惩处模式规定，生产不符合食品安全标准的食品或者销售明知是不符合食品安全标准的食品，消费者除要求赔偿损失外，还可以向生产者或者销售者要求支付价款十倍的赔偿金。此规定配合《侵权责任法》第四十七条，二者相结合，使我国食品安全和人身健康有了更高强度的保障。然而，此款规定使得我国食品安全问题惩处模式略微单一，固定的惩罚数额难以起到真正的警戒作用。而注重结果轻视源头的监管执法体系，又使食品安全问题屡禁不止。 反观发达国家对于食品安全问题的惩治模式，可以发现其中最重要的特点就是惩治模式系统化，监管部门职能分工明确。以美国为例，2009年爆发的“花生酱事件”导致9人死亡，在公众的呼声下，美国加快食品安全立法进程，继《2009年消费品安全改进法》后，几经修改，最终通过了《2009年食品安全加强法案》。在食品安全的监管方面，美国联邦和各州具有安全监管职能的机构多达20余个，主要的监管机构就有5个。每个监管部门都仅对某种或某些特定食品进行追踪监管，避免了各部门之间相互推诿的情况，提高监管效率。此外，美国并非单纯注重惩戒后果，而是将触角同时伸向了事件源头。 本文将重心放在横向对比上，对比发达国家对食品安全事件的惩治模式，从中借鉴国外优秀经验。力求从法律角度分析我国食品安全现状，从而为我国食品安全问题的解决出一份微薄之力。 一、我国食品安全现存问题和产生原因 （一）食品安全内涵 根据世界卫生组织（WHO）对食品安全所下的定义，食品安