孤独症儿童论文：视觉支持策略对孤独症儿童干预的个案研究.docVIP

孤独症儿童论文：视觉支持策略对孤独症儿童干预的个案研究 【中文摘要】孤独症又称儿童自闭症,是一种在儿童中极为常见的广泛性发展障碍,主要症状表现为认知发展障碍、人际社交障碍、语言表达障碍以及日常行为活动的刻板性。其中,人际交往和语言表达障碍是孤独症患者较为显著的障碍。在心理学领域,以往对孤独症的研究通常集中在对孤独症患者四种主要症状表现的干预方面。有研究表明,大部分孤独症儿童对视觉呈现的材料比听觉呈现的材料更容易有较好的反应。本研究采用了两种不同的视觉支持工具(即静态图片和动态视频),对被试进行干预辅导,是探讨视觉支持策略对孤独症儿童的干预效果。研究选取某特殊教育学校的一名5岁儿童作为研究被试,首先通过访谈法和观察法对被试的语言能力和人际交往能力进行评估,访谈对象包括被试家属以及特殊教育机构的指导教师,观察则主要包括被试日常的行为表现和语言沟通能力。而后对被试进行个案干预研究,干预过程中,分别选取图片和视频两种效果方式作为视觉支持的工具。在历时8个月的干预之后,再次运用访谈法和观察法对被试进行评估。研究结果发现:(1)视觉支持策略的应用,使被试张某由重度孤独症降为中度孤独症,表现在视觉反应、听觉反应、焦虑反应,语言交流,活动水平以及总体印象的维度上均发生了改善。(2)视觉支持策略对孤独症儿童的语言表达能力具有改善作用。(3)视觉支持策略不能促进孤独症儿童人际交往的能力。 【英文摘要】Children with autism, also known as autism, is a very common in children pervasive developmental disorders, the main symptoms of disorders of cognitive development, interpersonal social barriers, language barriers and stereotypes of the activities of daily behavior. Among them, the expression of human communication and language barriers are more significant in patients with autism disorders.In the field of psychology, the past studies of autism are usually focused on four main symptoms of autism intervention aspects. Studies have shown that most children with autism on visual presentation of the material than hearing the material presented a better response more easily. This study used two different visual support tools (ie, still and motion video), counseling intervention being tested, the purpose is to explore the visual support strategies for children with autism intervention.Select a special education research, a 5-year-old children as research subjects, first by interviews and observation of the subject抯 language abilities and people skills assessment, interview subjects include family members were tested and the instructor of special education institutions, Observed mainly include the behavior of the subjects and the everyday language communication skills. Then a case of intervention subjects, intervention process, both pictures and videos were selected as visual support