2011年最新四级英语阅读训练.docVIP

第一章 并列平行结构 英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词，如 and、or等，或标点符号如：分号，逗号，破折号等，若干个在语义上有联系或相互照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句，以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高，但在复杂长句中还是占了相当大的比例的.从今天开始我们就由浅入深，来对这一类型的句子进行练习和攻克。希望大家通过练习能掌握分析这类句式的一般规律和方法。ExerciseIn whatever company, they may find persons and conversations more or less pleasing. At whatever table , they may find meat and drink of better or worse taste, dishes better or worse prepared. Many workers stay at jobs they are too old for rather than face possible rejection. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered. 要点分析和参考译文: 要点：这两句为对偶句，结构工整。 In whatever company 意为无论和什么人交往不要误以为不论在什么公司。 persons and conversations的定语后置。同样道理meat and drink，dishes 也都带有后置定语。参考译文：无论和什么人交往，他们会发现有些人、有些谈话讨人喜欢，而有些则不然。同样，无论吃什么饭，酒和肉总有可口的和不可口的，菜肴的烹调亦总有优劣之分。 要点：they are too old for是定语从句修饰jobs。Rather than 前后为相同的语法成分即stay 和 face。参考译文：许多工人宁愿守着因自己年老已不适合的工作，而不愿意去面对（再找工作时）可能会遇到的拒绝 要点：remember 后面有两个并列的宾语从句，一个是that we did not see……，另一个是that we failed to……。 由于介词短语with far greater pain 的分隔和两个宾语从句又各带了一个状语从句，而使全句的结构变得较为复杂。参考译文：可是，我们更痛苦的回忆是，我们没有看见鲜花怒放时的美丽，没有在别人对我们施以爱之时也以爱回报。 Exercise We know that this is so, but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more. people think of cowboys as free people, unafraid to battle with wild animals, living close to nature, with the trees and the sky and the stars. Clearly , science may involve not only careful observation but also a willingness to be creative; this may entail looking beyond existing paradigms governing research in a given area of study. 要点分析和参考译文 要点：此句又两个并列结构存在，一个使全局的主干结构，即由but连接的两个分句we know……，but all too often we recognize……；另一个是glance 后面跟着由and连接的两个并列的状语从句。这两个状语从句在实践上存在着先后顺序，在结构上是一个对偶句，而且第二个状语从句得主语省略，即when we remember what it was and then suddenly (we) realize that it is no more。参考译文：我们大家都知道这是实际情况。可我们却常常只是再回首往事想起它当时的情景时才认识到，并且此时我们会突然发现它