现在完成时和过去式.pptVIP

概念: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 e.g. He came here yesterday. 现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的影响和结果 e.g. He has broken his bottle. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别： 1）构成不同 Tom went to London last year. Lily has been to London twice. 一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式， 现在完成时的谓语用“助动词have /has +过去分词” 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别： 现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系. e.g. We haven‘t seen him since last year. 我们自从去年以来一直未见到他。（现在还未见到） We didn‘t see him last year. 我们去年没见到他。（现在不一定未见到） Who has opened the door? 谁把门开了？（现在门还开着） Who opened the door? 谁开的门？ (指过去，与现在无关。现在门是关着还是开着，没有说明。) — Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭没有？ （意即你现在不饿吗？） — Yes, I have. 吃了。 （意即我现在饱了，不要再吃了。） — When did you have it? 你什么时候吃的？ （说话人感兴趣的是“吃”这一动作发生在时。） 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别： 一般过去时的时间状语： yesterday, once, last week, ... ago, in 1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状语。 现在完成时的时间状语： for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till, up to now, always等不确定的时间状语。  练习 1. --I have seen the film Titanic already. --When ____? you ____ ? it? A. have, seen? B. will see? C. did, see? ? D. did, seen 2. Mr. Black ____ ??in China since five years ago. A. lived?? B. has lived?? C. lives? D. is going to live 练习 7. Is Tom doing his homework? No, he ___________his homework already.(finish) 8. Do you know Miss King? No, but I ______________ her before .(hear of) 9. What about the film? Sorry, I don’t know. I ___________ it yet. (see) 10. ________ you ever _________ to the Great Wall? No, never. ( go) 11. How does he get on with his classmate? Oh, he ___________ a lot these days. (change) 12. Help yourself , please. No, thanks. I’m full. I _____ just _____ three eggs.(eat) * * 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 the present perfect tense the simple past tense 一般过去时和现在完成时的