LNG, GTL, CNG扮演的角色.ppt

How Much Natural Gas Is Out There? Proved natural gas reserves at end 2003, ~6000 tcf. Monetizing Global Natural Gas Resources Monetizing Global Natural Gas Resources Key Drivers Abundance of proved Natural Gas Huge stranded reserves exist – countries and companies want to monetize these reserves North America and Europe – flat or declining production LNG is becoming a cost effective solution Monetizing Global Natural Gas Resources What is CNG, LNG, NGLs, LPG, and GTL? Monetizing Global Natural Gas Resources Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Natural Gas Composition Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Advantages Simplicity Inexpensive onshore facilities Can start with very modest transporting needs Energy efficient Can exploit isolated supply sources Suitable for small demand markets Scope of the CNG Technology Projects using the CNG technology can be successful technically and commercially CNG is capable of meeting small market demands and monetizing small supply areas Majority of the investment involved with shipping needs, thus, making the assets movable and used in other areas of interests CNG can supply gas for distances of 2500 miles cheaper than LNG Opportunities for CNG Marine Transport Transport Costs Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Two technologies for CNG transport a. The Cran Stennings approach b. The Enersea approach Example: Consider the transportation of 300 MMscf of gas as CNG Using the Cran Stennings approach Actual volume of CNG: 1.76x106 ft3 Using the Enersea approach Actual Volume of CNG: 1.2x106 ft3 Transportation of the gas 90% of the investment involved is in shipping of the gas. Loading and unloading is possible and easy with small facilities. CNG Cargo Containment System CNG Application For distances up to 2500 miles, CNG appears more attractive than LNG Major advantage in terms of market entry Much less capital deployed in country Up to 2 Bcf on a