小良热带人工混交林的凋落物及其生态效益研究.PDFVIP

应 用 生 态 学 报 　1998 年 10 月 　第 9 卷 　第 5 期 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 CHIN ESE JOURNAL OF APPL IED ECOLO GY ,Oct. 1998 ,9 (5) ∶458～462 小良热带人工混交林的凋落物及其 生态效益研究 任 海　彭少麟　刘鸿先　余作岳 ( 中国科学院华南植物研究所 , 广州 510650) (广东茂名市小良水土保持试验推广站 , 茂名 525446) 方代有　 【摘要】　对小良热带人工混交林 10 年凋落量及其季节和年际动态研究表明 ,小凋落物总 量年均 5. 539t ·hm - 2 ;凋落量的季节变化明显 ,一般以湿季的 7 月为凋落高峰 ; 随着人工 林的发育 ,其凋落物量的年际变化逐渐稳定 ;森林枯枝落叶层贮量为 4. 9t ·hm - 2 ,少于其 年均凋落量 ,处于分解大于积聚的周转过程中 ;森林枯枝落叶层的存在可降低温度 ,提高 湿度 ,显著减少径流量和泥沙流失量 ,并可提高土壤肥力和增加土壤动物的多样性. 关键词 　小良 　热带人工混交林 　凋落物 　生态效益 Litterfall and its ecological effects at Xiaoliang tropical artif icial mixed plantation. Ren Hai , Peng Shaolin , Liu Hongxian , Yu Zuoyue ( South China Institute of Botany , Academia Sini ) ( ) ca , Guangz hou 510650 . Chin. J . A ppl . Ecol . , 1998, 9 5 :458～462 . Tenyears studies on litterfall amount and its seasonal and annual dynamics at Xiaoliang tropical artificial mixed plantation show that the annual average amount of small litterfall was 5. 539t · hm - 2 . Its seasonal variation occurred obviously , with a peak in wet J uly. As the development of the plantation , the annual amount of litterfall was getting stable gradually. The storage of - 2 litterfall layer was 4. 9t ·hm , less than the annual litterfall , indicating that the decomposition rate was greater than accumulation rate. The existence of forest litterfall could lower tempera ture , raise relative humidity , reduce runoff and soil erosion , improve soil fertility , and increase biodiversity of soil animals. Key words 　Xiaoliang , Tropical artificial mixed plantation , Litterfall , Ecological effects.