皮肤细胞如何成为神经细胞.docVIP

皮肤细胞如何成为神经细胞? 裴端卿 中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院 X 关注成功！ 加关注后您将方便地在 我的关注中得到本文献的被引频次变化的通知！ 新浪微博 腾讯微博 人人网 开心网 豆瓣网 网易微博 摘????要： 如何把皮肤细胞变成神经细胞?这是2005年Science 125周年庆时提出的125个科学前沿问题中的一个重大问题.本文主要论述了已有的一些成纤维细胞向神经细胞转分化的研究, 包括神经元以及其他神经细胞的诱导, 各种诱导方法以及诱导策略.目前皮肤细胞成为神经细胞在实验室中已成为现实, 但要走向临床还有很长的路. 关键词： 成纤维细胞; 诱导神经元; 诱导神经干细胞; 作者简介：裴端卿 E-mail: pei_duanqing@gibh.ac.cn研究员, 博士生导师, 中国科学院广州生物医药与健康研究院院长.国家杰出青年科学基金获得者, 国家自然科学基金委“干细胞多能性与体细胞重编程”创新研究群体带头人, 人类基因编辑研究小组 (Human Gene Editing Study Committee) 成员.新世纪百千万人才工程国家级人选, 中国科学院“百人计划”人才, 广东省南粤百杰人才奖获得者.获国家自然科学奖二等奖和广东省科学技术奖一等奖两项. 收稿日期：2017-05-16 How can a skin cell become a nerve cell? PEI DuanQing Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH) , Chinese Academy of Sciences; Abstract： How can a skin cell become a nerve cell? This is one of the 125 big questions raised in Science magazine for its 125 th anniversary. Here we summarize what we know on this subject. In particular, we discuss recent success in converting fibroblasts, one of the common cells found in skin, into nerve cells including neuron. Despite these successes in making nerve cells of skin cells in laboratory, it is quite challenging in translating these breakthroughs into success in clinic. The nervous system includes the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. Many insults, including infection, poisoning, immune damage, nutritional disorders, endocrine disorders and genetic factors, may damage the nervous system such that nerve cells undergo degeneration, apoptosis, or necrosis, leading to neurological impairments. The impairments in peripheral nerve system may be repaired without much defects with skilled microsurgical techniques. However, options are quite limited in repair lesions in the central nerve system as it was known that neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) could not regenerate after damage and would only be replaced by glial cells. Neuronal stem cells hold great promise in repairing lesions in the nerve s