美国听障儿童早期发现和干预体系及其实施.pdfVIP

Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation 爱耳日专题 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2014.02.004 美国听障儿童早期发现和干预体系及其实施 The Implementation of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) Program for Hearing-impaired Children in US 1 2 3 ■田岚 王树峰 孙喜斌 TIAN Lan，WANG Shu-feng，SUN Xi-bin 在新生儿听力障碍发现和干预过程中，漏筛和随访丢失是最常见的问题。美国的听障儿童早期发现和干预体系 【摘要】 力求从制度和流程上尽可能避免这些问题的发生,以保证所有听障婴幼儿都能及时纳入干预体系中。本文介绍了美国听障 儿童早期发现和干预(Early Hearing Detection and Intervention，EHDI)体系，主要包括其实施架构、绩效评估的关键指 标及成功经验等内容，以期为我国建立有中国特色的听障儿童早期发现和干预体系提供借鉴。 早期听力检查和干预；听障儿童 【关键词】 【 】 Abstract Lack of hearing screening and loss of follow-up are most common problems during the newborn hearing detection and intervention process.The Early Hearing Detection and Intervention(EHDI) system in the United States strives to avoid the occurrence of these problems institutionally and systematically, therefore, it ensures that all hearing-impaired children be included into the EHDI program and receive timely intervention services. This article reviews the American EHDI program for children with hearing impairment. Its implementation system structure, key indicators for effectiveness evaluation and successful experience are included. We hope that this article can help us design an early hearing detection and intervention system with Chinese characteristics. 【 】 Key words Early Hearing Detection and Intervention(EHDI);Hearing-impaired child 新生儿听力筛查和干预工作在我国已开展了20 程中，只有各项服务流程在时间和地点上做到无缝对 多年，取得了很大成就，但仍存在筛查、确诊、干预环 接，才能避免漏筛和筛查阳性的婴幼儿失访等问题， 节之间严重脱节等问题，导致部分婴儿未能得到及时 从而保证每一个听障婴幼儿都能获得及时有效的干 筛查（漏筛）或部分筛查阳性或确诊的婴儿未能得到 预服务。为了解决这些问题，美国疾病防治中心建立 及时干预；因为失去了随访，这些婴幼儿常常错过了0 了一个庞大的EHDI体系，它涉及从国家到社区各个 ～3岁的最佳干预时期。 层面的多个职能部门。它