Templates C++ 教程,英文版(精华).pptVIP

* * * * Outline fig14_04.cpp (1 of 3) Use a function template to process Stack class-template specializations * Outline fig14_04.cpp (2 of 3) * Outline fig14_04.cpp (3 of 3) * 14.5 Nontype Parameters and Default Types for Class Templates Nontype template parameters Can have default arguments Are treated as consts Example Template header:template typename T, int elements = 50 Declaration:Stack double salesFigures; Stack double, 100 salesFigures; T stackHolder[ elements ]; Type parameters can have default arguments too Example Template header: template typename T = string Declaration: Stack jobDescriptions; * Performance Tip 14.2 When appropriate, specify the size of a container class (such as an array class or a stack class) at compile time (possibly through a nontype template parameter). This eliminates the execution-time overhead of using new to create the space dynamically. * Software Engineering Observation 14.3 Specifying the size of a container at compile time avoids the potentially fatal execution-time error if new is unable to obtain the needed memory. Linked List OverviewSingly Linked List A Linked List is made of a series of “nodes”, each with: an associated data object (node) a “pointer” (reference) to the next node of the list traverse the list by following each node’s next pointer, starting at the head*, until we reach the tail* * data next* data data NULL (0) head* tail* Item Value Item Value Item Value Linked List Node next* next* Adding a Node to an Empty ListAddToHead head* = tail* = NULL (0) Save location of current head node * next = head; (current head = NULL) Create new node at head head = new node; Set data value of new node head-data = value; Update what the head points to for the next node in the list, which was the previous head. Set tail = head (only one node in the list) head-next = next; tail = head; * data next* Item Value next* data data NULL (0) head* = tail* Item Value next* Added a Node to an Existing ListAddToHe