6_字符串.ppt.pptVIP

* 哈尔滨工业大学 计算机科学与技术学院 6.5 C++ strings Common errors in C-strings: Attempting to access elements outside the array bounds C++ strings The string data type is not built into C++ In C++, the string data type is defined by a class Chapter 6 c++ strings Class string Used to represent a sequence of characters as a single object Some definitions string Name = Joanne; string DecimalPoint = .; string empty = ; string copy = Name; string Question = ?; // illegal 6.5 C++ strings Program Example P6G Remark: C++ strings are compared using ==, , ,etc instead of strcmp() in C-strings. C++ has many useful string member functions. Class string Some string member functions size() determines number of characters in the string string Saying = Rambling with Gambling; cout Saying.size() endl; // 22 substr() determines a substring (Note first position has index 0) string Word = Saying.substr(9, 4); // with find() computes the position of a subsequence int j = Saying.find(it); // 10 int k = Saying.find(its); // ? Class string Auxiliary functions and operators getline() extracts the next input line string Response; cout Enter text: ; getline(cin, Response, \n); cout Response is \ Response \” endl; Example run Enter text: What you do want Response is What you do want Class string Auxiliary operators + string concatenation string Part1 = Me; string Part2 = and ; string Part3 = You; string All = Part1 + Part2 + Part3; += compound concatenation assignment string ThePlace = Brooklyn; ThePlace += , NY; #include iostream using namespace std; int main() { cout Enter the date in American format: (e.g. January 1, 2001) : ; string Date; getline(cin, Date, \n); int i = Date.find( ); string Month = Date.substr(0, i); int k = Date.find(,); string Day = Date.substr(i + 1, k - i - 1); string Year = Date.substr(k + 2, Date.size() - 1); string NewDate = Day + + Month + + Year; cout Original date: Date endl;