编译原理与实践（中英双语版）上ppt325.ppt

zhangjing@ 编译原理与实践 Chapter 1 Introduction Compilers Compilers are computer programs that translate one language to another . . Its input is a program written in its source language. Usually, the source language is a high-level language (C, C++, etc). It produces an equivalent program written in its target language. The target language is object code (machine code) for the target machine. Simple example: The source program of a compiler is as follows. I := I0+ L* 2 (1.1) Target program: the output of compiler is an equivalent machine code of its source program. It looks like these. . MOVF id3, R2 (1.2) MULF #2.0, R2 MOVF id2, R1 ADDF R2, R1 MOVF R1, id1 Analysis of the source program Generally, the analysis of compiler includes Lexical Analyzer, Syntax Analyzer, Semantic Analyzer, Intermediate Code Generator, Code Optimizer and Code Generator. . In lexical analysis, characters are grouped into tokens; ; Syntax analyzer changes a group of token into grammatical phrases, it is often called parsing tree; In semantic analyzer, grammatical phrases are checked by semantic errors and type information are added; ; The intermediate code generator is a program which is easy to produce program from semantic analyzer and is easy to translate into the target program; ; Code optimization phase attempts to improve the intermediate code; ; A intermediate code instructions are each translated into a sequence of machine inst